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Table 6
Relative frequency of clinical signs at observations over time post inoculation compared to control cattle
Study	1	1	1	1	2	2	2

Groups	100 g	1 g	1 g	100 g	4	3	2

Postmortem BSE diagnosis	Pos	Pos	Neg	Neg	Pos	Neg	Neg

*Behaviour*

Flank licking	↑↑↑			↑↑	↓↓↓	↓↓↓	↓↓↓

Unusual asymmetrical ear movements	↑↑↑				↑↑

Vocalisation	↑↑

Head toss	↑↑

Snorting	↑↑	↓↓↓

Nose licking	↑↑						↓↓↓

Grooming self		↑↑	↑↑

Apprehension		↑↑			↑↑↑

BSE series of events		↓↓↓			↑↑		↑

Grooming others			↑↑				↑↑

Standing idle & not approached			↓↓↓	↓↓↓	↑↑↑

Mounting				↑↑	↑↑↑	↑↑	↑↑↑

Sneezing					↑↑

Being mounted					↑

Head rubbing						↓↓↓

Nose wrinkling							↓↓↓

Coughing							↓↓↓

*Sensation*

Startle at movement including hand approach/clipboard test	↑↑↑	↑↑↑			↑↑↑

Hyperaesthesia	↑↑↑	↓↓			↑↑↑

Startle at movement	↑↑↑			↑	↑↑↑	↑↑↑

Startle at noise	↑↑				↑↑↑

Abnormal hand approach/clipboard test					↑↑

*Movement and posture*

Muscle fasciculations	↑↑		↑↑↑	↑↑

Tremor					↑↑

Abnormal head carriage							↓

Groups were compared with undosed controls (study 1) and saline-inoculated controls (study 2). ↑= greater/↓ = lower hazard rate than controls, with P<0.001 (three arrows), P = 0.001-0.01 (two arrows) and P>0.01 and <0.0125 (four comparisons) or <0.0167 (three comparisons) (one arrow). Blank cell: no significant difference. Only signs that were significantly differently displayed compared to controls are listed.
Konold et al. BMC Veterinary Research 2010 6:53 doi:10.1186/1746-6148-6-53

Table 6