In the presence of transmissible drug-resistant influenza strains, prioritization of treatment for infected patients over prophylaxis for exposed asymptomatic persons is likely to be more effective in reducing mortality and morbidity during a pandemic.

Massively parallel sequencing of chloroplast genomes empowers the resolution of low taxonomic level plant phylogenies, as illustrated by an analysis of rapidly radiating clades in the genus Pinus.

Protein function and stability are acutely sensitive to pH, which varies in different subcellular compartments. Garcia-Moreno discusses research recently reported in BMC Biology suggesting that adaptation to different compartments is reflected in charge distribution.

A randomised controlled trial has shown that chicken type II collagen is a safe and effective treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, and may be a potential alternative therapy to methotrexate.

Functional homologous and non-homologous clusters of MIR genes that co-regulate target mRNA transcripts have been identified in plants.