Table 2 |
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Individual compositional and community contextual factors associated with sexual behaviour among Nigerian women identified by multivariable multilevel logistic regression |
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|
Empty model |
Model with individual variables |
Model with individual and community variables |
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|
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|
Model 1 |
Model 2 |
Model 3 |
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|
|
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|
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
|
|
|
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|
Individual variables |
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|
Age groups |
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|
15 – 24 |
reference |
reference |
|
|
25 – 34 |
0.57 (0.43, 0.77)*** |
0.59 (0.44, 0.79)*** |
|
|
> 35 |
0.35 (0.24, 0.53)*** |
0.36 (0.24, 0.54)*** |
|
|
Level of education |
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|
No school |
reference |
reference |
|
|
Primary |
0.97 (0.64, 1.48) |
0.88 (0.57, 1.36) |
|
|
Secondary/higher |
1.63 (1.06, 2.50)* |
1.53 (0.99, 2.38) |
|
|
Wealth index |
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|
Low |
1.83 (1.14, 2.94)* |
1.95 (1.08, 3.50)* |
|
|
Middle |
1.51 (1.07, 2.12)* |
1.69 (1.14, 2.51)** |
|
|
High |
reference |
reference |
|
|
Past alcohol use (days) |
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|
No |
reference |
reference |
|
|
1 |
2.61 (1.35, 5.06)** |
2.70 (1.41, 5.17)** |
|
|
2 |
4.69 (2.27, 9.69)*** |
4.42 (2.14, 9.13)*** |
|
|
3+ |
3.83 (2.49, 5.89)*** |
3.47 (2.25, 5.34)*** |
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|
Marital status |
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|
Never married |
reference |
reference |
|
|
Currently married |
0.05 (0.01, 0.09)*** |
0.05 (0.01, 0.09)*** |
|
|
Formerly married |
0.16 (0.10, 0.23)*** |
0.15 (0.10, 0.23)*** |
|
|
Religion |
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|
Christian |
reference |
reference |
|
|
Muslim |
0.58 (0.41, 0.83)** |
0.72 (0.49, 1.07) |
|
|
Others |
0.54 (0.19, 1.51) |
0.52 (0.19, 1.46) |
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|
Community covariates |
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|
Community economic status |
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|
Low |
0.90 (0.53, 0.97)* |
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|
Middle |
0.73 (0.48, 0.87)** |
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|
High |
reference |
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|
Place of residence |
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|
Rural |
1.01 (0.71, 1.44) |
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|
Urban |
reference |
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|
Region |
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|
North central |
reference |
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|
North East |
1.08 (0.63, 1.83) |
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|
North west |
0.44 (0.24, 0.81)* |
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|
South East |
0.71 (0.44, 1.17) |
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|
South south |
1.56 (0.97, 2.51) |
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|
South west |
0.76 (0.47, 1.24) |
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|
Intercept |
0.10 (0.09, 0.12)*** |
2.12 (1.22, 3.71)** |
2.40 (1.11, 5.17)* |
|
Random effects |
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|
Community random variance (SE) |
1.51 (0.20)*** |
0.51 (0.14)*** |
0.39 (0.13)** |
|
Variance partition coefficient (%) |
31.4 |
13.4 |
10.5 |
|
Explained variance (%) |
reference |
66.3 |
74.3 |
|
Model fit statistics |
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|
DIC |
4366 |
2050 |
2044 |
|
|
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|
Abbreviations: OR – Odds ratio, CI – Confidence interval, SE – Standard error, DIC – Deviance information criterion *p < .05, **p < .01, and ***p < .001 |
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Uthman and Kongnyuy BMC International Health and Human Rights 2008 8:9 doi:10.1186/1472-698X-8-9 |
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