Table 9

Example of a modified GRADE evidence profile quality assessment. Table 9 and 10 is what Table 1 and 2 became when including the improvements made based on the pilot study experience. Question: Should depressed patients be treated with SSRIs rather than tricyclics? Setting: Primary care Patients: Moderately depressed adult patients Reference: North of England Evidence Based Guideline Development Project. Evidence based clinical practice guideline: the choice of antidepressants for depression in primary care. Newcastle upon Tyne: Centre for Health Services Research, 1997.

Outcome: Depression severity (measured with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale after 4 to 12 weeks)

Studies
Design
Quality
Consistency
Directness
SD
SA
RB
DR
PC

8 trials Citalopram
38 trials Fluoxetine
25 trials Fluvoxamine
2 trials Nefazodone
18 trials Paroxetine
4 trials Sertaline
4 trials Velafaxine
RCTs
No serious limitations
No important inconsistency
Some uncertainty about directness (outcome measure)*
No
No
No
No
No

Outcome: Transient side effects resulting in discontinuation of treatment

8 trials Citalopram
50 trials Fluoxetine
27 trials Fluvoxamine
4 trials Nefazodone
23 trials Paroxetine
6 trials Sertaline
5 trials Velafaxine
RCTs
No serious limitations
No important inconsistency
Direct
No
No
No
No
No

Outcome: Poisoning fatalities

Office for National Statistics (British)
Observational data
Serious limitation**
Only one study
Direct
No
++
No
No
No

*There was uncertainty about the directness of the outcome measure because of the short duration of the trials.

**It is possible that people at lower risk were more likely to have been given SSRI's and it is uncertain if changing antidepressant would have deterred suicide attempts.

SD = Sparse data (Yes or No)

SA = Strong association (No, + = strong, ++ = very strong)

RB = Reporting bias (Yes or No)

DR = Dose response (Yes or No)

PC = All plausible confounders would have reduced the effect (Yes or No)

CI = confidence interval

WMD = weighted mean difference

RRR = relative risk reduction

Atkins et al. BMC Health Services Research 2005 5:25   doi:10.1186/1472-6963-5-25