Table 4

Kruskal-Wallis pairwise comparisons between variables of the group of countries with a research ethics committee and the group without

Variables

Chi-squared statistic

p-value

Decision at 5% significance level

Maternal mortality per 100000 live births

0.026144

P = 0.8712

not significant, accept H₀

Population in a country

7.468966

P = 0.0063

Significant, reject H₀

Life expectancy at birth

0.7468966

P = 0.3876

not significant, accept H₀

Probability of dying (per 1000) below age 5 years

0.331125

P = 0.565

not significant, accept H₀

Probability of dying (per 1000) between age 15–60 years

0.186207

P = 0.6661

not significant, accept H₀

Gross national income per capita (US$)

0.111875

P = 0.738

not significant, accept H₀

Infant mortality per 1000 live births

0.028161

P = 0.8667

not significant, accept H₀

Percentage of population aged 15+ years that is illiterate

0.22623

P = 0.6343

not significant, accept H₀

Gross primary enrolment (% of school age population)

2.712306

P = 0.0996

not significant, accept H₀

Note: Total number of observations = 28.

Kirigia et al. BMC Medical Ethics 2005 6:10   doi:10.1186/1472-6939-6-10