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Table depicting drugs and nature of adverse events seen during the study |
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| Drug Class/Drug |
NO. (%) OF ADRS |
Individual drugs |
Adverse Event |
|
|
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| Anti tubercular agents (AKT) |
52 |
HRZ (35), AKT (7), Rifampin (4), Ethambutol (2), Pyrazinamide (2) Streptomycin (1), Isoniazid(1), |
Thrombocytopenia, Hepatitis, Hepatic encephalopathy, Retro bulbar neuritis, Cholestatic jaundice, Erythema multiforme, Vestibular toxicity, Gastritis, Abdominal/Respiratory/Flu like syndrome, Hypersensitivity reaction, Psychosis, Peripheral neuropathy, dysglycemia |
| Antiepileptics |
36 |
Phenytoin(24), Valproate (5), Phenobarbiturate(4) carbamazepine (3) |
Erythema multiforme, Symptomatic toxic carbamazepine/phenytoin/valproate levels with cerebellar signs |
| Antimalarials |
30 |
Chloroquine (29), Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (1) |
Gastritis, Giddiness, Erthyema multiforme, Psychosis, Hypersensitivity reactions, Hypotension |
| Anticoagulants |
25 |
Warfarin (24), Heparin (1) |
GI bleeding, haematuria, high INR, Intracranial bleed |
| Oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) |
16 |
Glibenclamide (10), Glyburide (6) |
Hypoglycemia, seizures, |
| NSAIDS |
14 |
Paracetamol (6), Aspirin (3), Ibuprofen (1), Etoricoxib (1), Nimesulide (2), Diclofenac (1) |
Hypersensitivity reaction, Gastritis, mucosal damage, Hematuria, (Etoricoxib) potentiates OHA induced Hypoglycemia, ARF on CRF, Thrombocytopenia |
| Antihypertensives |
10 |
Atenolol (4), ACE inhibitors (2), Losartan (2), Clonidine (1), Isosorbide dinitrate (1) |
Hypotension, Hypersensitivity reaction, AV block, Bradycardia, Hyperkalemia, Missed dose of clonidine leading to rebound hypertension, dry mouth |
| Cytotoxic drugs |
9 |
Methotrexate (3), 5-Fluorouracil (2), Cisplatin (1), Etoposide (1), Paclitaxel (1), Chemo (1) |
Bone marrow suppression (with opportunistic infection), Nephrotoxicity, Liver damage, GI mucositis, Anorexia, Myelodysplastic syndrome, Alopecia, Hyperuricemia, Abdominal pain, Neutropenia |
| Steroids |
9 |
Prednisolone (7), Betamethasone (2) |
Gastritis, Hypertension, Hyperglycemia, Mania, Fragile skin, Facial puffiness, Osteoporosis, Opportunistic infections |
| Insulin |
8 |
Humulin70/30 (8) |
Hypoglycemia, Erythema/swelling/stinging at injection site |
| Digoxin |
8 |
-- |
Symptomatic toxic digoxin levels |
| Fluoroquinolones |
8 |
Ciprofloxacin(4), Ofloxacin (2) Gatifloxacin (2) |
Complex partial seizures, Peripheral neuropathy, Dystonia, Hypersensitivity reaction, tendinitis, dysguesia |
| B lactam antibiotics |
8 |
Amoxicillin(3), Ampicillin(2), Cefadroxil (1), Ceftriaxone (1), Ceftazidime (1) |
Hypersensitivity reaction, Fixed drug eruptions, Diarrhea, muscle spasm, Generalized tonic-clonic seizure |
| Antiretrovirals |
4 |
Efavirenz (2), Stavudine (1), Zidovudine (1) |
Metabolic acidosis, Drowsiness, hypokalemia, Peripheral neuropathy |
| Benzodiazepines |
4 |
Chlordiazepoxide (2), Diazepam (2) |
Increased appetite and weight gain, Drowsiness, Ataxia, Amnesia, Vertigo |
| Bronchodilators |
4 |
Salbutamol (3), Theophylline (1) |
Tremors |
| Haematinics |
3 |
Ferrous fumarate(2) Ferrous sulfate (1) |
Epigastric pain, Heart burn, Vomiting, Metallic taste in mouth |
| Fibrinolytics |
2 |
Urokinase (2) |
Hypotension, AV block |
| Miscellaneous |
15 |
Metronidazole (1) Nicotinic acid (1) Fluconazole (1) Ethamsylate (1) Amitriptyline (1) Cotrimoxazole (1) Oxybutinin HCl (1) Dextropropoxy- phene (1) Urograffin (1) Amikacin (1) Benzthiazide (1) Amiodarone (1) Levodopa (1) Alendronate (1) Clozapine (1) |
Gastritis Facial flush, Hypersensitivity reaction (4) Thrombocytopenia, dry mouth Perioral tingling numbness, Carpopedal spasm, Cochlear toxicity Muscle Cramps, Paresthesias raised liver functions Peak dose dyskinesias Esophagitis, constipation, seizure |
Patel et al. BMC Clinical Pharmacology 2007 7:8 doi:10.1186/1472-6904-7-8 |
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