Table 3

CAM use in chronic pain patients on opioids by patient characteristics; results from logistic regression analysis *. (The sample consists of 908 subjects receiving chronic opioid therapy)

Adjusted Odds Ratio **

95% Confidence Interval

p-value

Variables:

Age (per 10 years) **

0.73

(0.63, 0.85)

<.01

Female

2.27

(1.64, 3.14)

<.01

Education (per 4 yrs)

1.41

(1.10, 1.82)

<.01

Race:

White

1.00

---

African American

0.82

(0.57, 1.18)

.588

Other

0.45

(0.12, 1.75)

.308

Pain Severity

1.11

(1.01, 1.22)

.026

SF-36 physical component (per 10 points)

1.05

(0.95, 1.15)

.340

SF-36 mental component (per 10 points)

0.93

(0.85, 1.01)

.092

Total income (per $1000)

1.18

(1.06, 1.31)

.05

Primary pain site:

Neck/upper back

2.27

(1.24, 4.14)

.01

Multiple sites

1.81

(1.05, 3.11)

.033

Headaches

1.42

(0.84, 2.40)

.187

Lower back

1.00

(0.72, 1.39)

.995

Others

1.00

---

Cocaine tox screen negative

1.84

(1.01, 3.36)

.047

* This table reports the adjusted odds ratio for each variable included in the analysis. The odds ratios in this table are adjusted for all variables listed in table 3, using a logistic regression analysis.

**For age we elected to use 10 years increments. As noted in the table the odds of using CAM interventions compared to not using CAM methods were reduced by a factor of 0.73 for every 10 year increment of increasing age. This finding suggests that after adjusting for all the factors in the model, young adults are more likely to use CAM therapy than older adults.

Fleming et al. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2007 7:15   doi:10.1186/1472-6882-7-15