Table 5 |
|||||||||
| Use of selected complementary medicine (CM) categories to treat/manage type-2 diabetes, by selected measures of diabetes severity | |||||||||
| CM Diets*n=44 | NVNMDS†n=55 | Other CM‡n=29 | Multi CM§n=13 | ||||||
| Percent|| | S.E.¶ | Percent|| | S.E.¶ | Percent|| | S.E.¶ | Percent|| | S.E.¶ | ||
| TOTAL | 35.19 | 5.11 | 33.74 | 5.07 | 21.21 | 4.55 | 9.86 | 3.02 | |
| Percent# | S.E. ¶ | Percent# | S.E. | Percent# | S.E. ¶ | Percent#7 | S.E. ¶ | P-value†† | |
| Count of diabetes severity measures‡‡ | |||||||||
| 0-2 | 81.97 | 6.85 | 66.86 | 6.7 | 56.69 | 11.7 | 88.89 | 10.4 | 0.195 |
| >=3 | 18.09 | 6.85 | 33.14 | 6.7 | 43.31 | 11.7 | 11.11 | 10.4 | |
| DM duration(years) | |||||||||
| 1-< 5 | 40.5 | 6.96 | 30.76 | 7.5 | 34.57 | 13.8 | 63.31 | 15.3 | 0.109 |
| 5-<10 | 23.52 | 7.93 | 16.9 | 6.6 | 3.27 | 2.45 | 4.63 | 4.64 | |
| >= 10 | 35.89 | 8.77 | 52.34 | 7.98 | 62.16 | 13.5 | 32.06 | 14.5 | |
| Diabetes medication use | |||||||||
| None | 36.25 | 10.4 | 7.99 | 3.57 | 5.75 | 5.6 | 64.71 | 13.6 | 0.009 |
| Any | 63.75 | 10.4 | 92.01 | 3.57 | 94.25 | 5.6 | 35.29 | 13.6 | |
| Functional limitation | |||||||||
| No | 84.88 | 5.21 | 78.88 | 5.24 | 60.37 | 11.6 | 81.73 | 12.3 | 0.25 |
| Yes | 15.12 | 5.21 | 21.12 | 5.24 | 39.63 | 11.6 | 18.27 | 12.3 | |
| Weak/failing kidneys | |||||||||
| No | 89.66 | 6.02 | 90.36 | 4.54 | 98.26 | 1.76 | 96.23 | 4.4 | 0.304 |
| Yes | 10.34 | 6.02 | 9.64 | 4.54 | 1.74 | 1.76 | 3.77 | 4.4 | |
| Coronary Heart Disease | |||||||||
| No | 94.77 | 3.09 | 91.08 | 4.39 | 89.7 | 6 | 100 | 0 | 0.139 |
| Yes | 5.23 | 3.09 | 8.92 | 4.39 | 10.3 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| Severe vision problems | |||||||||
| No | 74.67 | 8.21 | 82.59 | 4.75 | 69.29 | 10.0 | 85.7 | 9.88 | 0.603 |
| Yes | 25.33 | 8.21 | 17.41 | 4.75 | 30.71 | 10.0 | 14.3 | 9.88 | |
| Anxiety or Depression | |||||||||
| No | 75.38 | 7.78 | 79.01 | 5.66 | 57.35 | 13.3 | 73.45 | 12.1 | 0.609 |
| Yes | 24.62 | 7.78 | 20.99 | 5.66 | 42.65 | 13.3 | 26.55 | 12.1 | |
* Vegetarian diet, Macrobiotic diet, Atkins diet, Pritikin diet, Ornish diet, Zone diet, and South Beach.
† herbal supplements and other non-vitamin/non-mineral dietary supplements.
‡ acupuncture, Ayurveda, biofeedback, chelation therapy, chiropractic care, chiropractic or osteopathic manipulation, energy healing therapy/Reiki, folk medicine, hypnosis, massage therapy, movement based therapies, naturopathy, homeopathic treatment, traditional healers, yoga, tai chi, qi gong, and relaxation techniques
§ Any combination of multiple CM therapies.
|| The denominator used in the calculation of percentages was the number of adults with type-2 diabetes who used any CM therapy to treat/manage their diabetes. Estimates were age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using four age groups: 18–24 years, 25–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
¶ Standard Errors.
# The denominator used in the calculation of percentages was the number of adults with type-2 Diabetes who used the indicated type of CM therapy. Estimates were age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using four age groups: 18–24 years, 25–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
†† Chi-square analyses comparing use of the indicated CM therapies in individuals with Type-2 diabetes who use CM to treat/manage their diabetes
‡‡ Based on the following five measures: 5 or more years since time of diagnosis, use of insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs, at least one functional limitation attributed to the diabetes, weak or failing kidneys, and severe vision problems.
Nahin et al. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 12:193 doi:10.1186/1472-6882-12-193
