Table 3

Percentage and OR (95% CI) of participants who reported problem with swallowing and pain by socio demographic variables and malocclusion index, SMO.

Variables
Problem with swallowing % (n)
Adjusted step OR (95% CI
Problem with pain % (n)
Adjusted step OR (95% CI)

Socio demographics




Kinondoni
6.5 (65)
1
18.7 (188)
1
Temeke
9.2 (55)*
1.3 (0.7–2.3)
24.1 (144)**
1.5 (1.1–2.1)
Boy
6.6 (42)
1
19.3 (12)
1
Girl
8.0 (78)
1.5 (0.8–2.7)
21.7 (210)
1.3 (0.9–1.8)
Urban
8.4 (95)
1
20.9 (236)
|
Rural
5.3 (25)*
0.4 (0.2–0.8)
20.3 (96)
1.2 (0.8–1.8)
12 yr
7.2 (29)
1
18.0 (73)
1
13 yr
6.1 (43)
0.8 (0.4–1.7)
20.1 (143)
1.2 (0.7–1.8)
14
9.9 (48)
1.1 (0.5–2.3)
23.9 (116)
1.3 (0.8–2.1)
Both parents low education
8.4 (30)
1
20.3 (73)
1
One low/one high
7.4 (14)
0.9 (0.4–1.8)
21.6 (41)
1.1 (0.7–1.7)
Both parents high education
7.0 (19)
0.8 (0.4–1.6)
20.5 (56)
1.1 (0.7–1.7)
Clinical status




SMO = 0 (at least one malocclusion diagnosed)
1.0 (5)
1
17.1 (87)
1
SMO > 0
5.3 (46)**
6.8 (2.7–17.4)
21.0 (182)**
1.4 (1.0–2.0)

**p < 0.001, *p < 0.05

Mtaya et al. BMC Oral Health 2008 8:14   doi:10.1186/1472-6831-8-14