Table 4

Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for bladder cancer among regular users of NSAIDs, with adjustment for other drugs – stratified by tumor invasion, tumor grade and TP53 IHC intensity.

Drug usea
Invasion
Noninvasive
TP53 IHC Intensity

Noninvasive
Invasive
Low grade
High grade
<3
3+

OR (95%CI)b
OR (95%CI)b
OR (95%CI)b
OR (95%CI)b
OR (95%CI)b
OR (95%CI)b

Phenacetin
2.4 (1.3–4.5)
2.2 (0.9–5.1)
2.2 (1.1–4.2)
4.3 (1.0–17.9)
2.0 (1.1–3.8)
2.7 (1.2–6.5)
Paracetamol
0.6 (0.3–1.1)
1.1 (0.5–2.2)
0.5 (0.2–0.9)
2.0 (0.6–6.4)
0.4 (0.2–0.8)
1.7 (0.8–3.5)
All NSAIDs
0.7 (0.4–1.0)
0.5 (0.3–1.0)
0.7 (0.5–1.1)
0.4 (0.1–1.4)
0.8 (0.5–1.2)
0.5 (0.3–0.9)
Aspirin
0.6 (0.3–1.0)
0.4 (0.2–0.9)
0.6 (0.4–1.0)
0.5 (0.1–1.8)
0.7 (0.4–1.1)
0.4 (0.2–0.9)
Ibuprofen
0.7 (0.4–1.3)
0.7 (0.3–1.6)
0.8 (0.4–1.4)
0.3 (0.0–2.3)
0.9 (0.5–1.6)
0.6 (0.2–1.4)

a Restricted to the 327 subjects having pathologic examination of tumor material and confirmation of diagnosis.

b Referent category is never use of NSAID medications. Model adjusted by age, sex, number of cigarettes smoked per day, and use of other NSAIDs and analgesics.

Fortuny et al. BMC Urology 2007 7:13   doi:10.1186/1471-2490-7-13