Table 5 |
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|
Cost of health care resources utilized among the COPD patients according to gender and smoking habit. |
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|
Cost component |
Male non-smokers |
Male smokers |
Female non-smokers |
Female smokers |
|
|
||||
|
Visits to primary care physician (€) * † Ŧ |
(647) 95.77 ± 95.17 |
(7356) 108.81 ± 97.16 |
(1803) 107.25 ± 96.68 |
(773) 97.92 ± 89.58 |
|
Visits to pneumologist (€) † |
(647) 85.35 ± 107.16 |
(7356) 96.44 ± 108.63 |
(1803) 88.01 ± 98.77 |
(773) 85.21 ± 110.45 |
|
Visits to emergency service (€) * Ŧ |
(647) 101.45 ± 158.97 |
(7356) 139.67 ± 199.43 |
(1803) 125.73 ± 179.95 |
(773) 129.12 ± 209.41 |
|
Hospital admission (€) * † |
(647) 584.04 ± 1532.18 |
(7356) 849.24 ± 1827.62 |
(1803) 685.60 ± 1598.17 |
(773) 642.26 ± 1702.83 |
|
Diagnostic tests (€) † |
(647) 117.77 ± 147.87 |
(7356) 133.08 ± 149.89 |
(1803) 121.44 ± 136.29 |
(773) 117.58 ± 152.41 |
|
Respiratory drugs (€) † |
(647) 471.97 ± 401.21 |
(7356) 502.24 ± 415.07 |
(1803) 477.62 ± 409.10 |
(773) 443.92 ± 387.19 |
|
Oxygen therapy (€) * † |
(647) 54.72 ± 223.56 |
(7356) 105.88 ± 312.46 |
(1803) 77.00 ± 271.35 |
(773) 48,93 ± 219.68 |
|
Sick leave (€) + † |
(647) 56.81 ± 280.13 |
(7356) 70.16 ± 291.70 |
(1803) 35.39 ± 205.88 |
(773) 118.63 ± 339.38 |
|
Antiinfluenza vaccination (€) + † |
(647) 0.18 ± 0.55 |
(7356) 0.20 ± 0.58 |
(1803) 0.17 ± 0.54 |
(773) 0.37 ± 0.75 |
|
Antipneumococcal vaccination (€) + † |
(647) 4.76 ± 6.87 |
(7356) 4.65 ± 6.83 |
(1803) 5.03 ± 6.96 |
(773) 2.84 ± 5.80 |
|
Total annual cost per COPD patient (€) * † |
(647) 1585.93 ± 2085.04 |
(7356) 2023.29 ± 2384.22 |
(1803) 1736.78 ± 2078.85 |
(773) 1696.15 ± 2165.94 |
|
|
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|
* Significant difference in the comparison of male smokers versus male non-smokers. + Significant difference in the comparison of female smokers versus female non-smokers. † Significant difference in the comparison of male smokers versus female smokers, after adjusting by age and severity. Ŧ Significant difference in the comparison of male non-smokers versus female non-smokers, after adjusting by age and severity. |
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|
Carrasco-Garrido et al. BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2009 9:2 doi:10.1186/1471-2466-9-2 |
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