|
Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for univariate analysis of HBV serostatus. |
||||
| Variable name |
HBV negative (n = 253) (%) |
HBV positive (n = 111) (%) |
OR (95% CI) |
p value |
|
|
||||
| Respondent variables |
||||
| Years of injection drug use (quartiles) |
||||
| 0–6 |
97 (38.3) |
5 (4.5) |
1.0 |
|
| 7–13 |
74 (29.3) |
23 (20.7) |
6.0 (2.2–16.6) |
<0.001 |
| 14–21 |
42 (16.6) |
36 (32.4) |
16.6 (6.1–45.3) |
<0.001 |
| 22–39 |
40 (15.8) |
47 (42.3) |
22.8 (8.4–61.5) |
<0.001 |
| Gender |
||||
| Male |
150 (59.3) |
60 (54.0) |
1.0 |
|
| Female |
103 (40.7) |
51 (46.0) |
1.2 (0.8–1.9) |
0.353 |
| Education level |
||||
| < grade 12 |
178 (70.4) |
79 (71.2) |
1.0 |
|
| > grade 12 |
75 (29.6) |
32 (28.8) |
1.0 (0.6–1.3) |
0.485 |
| Ethnicity |
||||
| Caucasian |
99 (39.1) |
29 (26.1) |
1.0 |
|
| Aboriginal |
154 (60.9) |
82 (73.9) |
1.8 (1.1–3.0) |
0.015 |
| Mobility |
||||
| In Winnipeg > 1 year |
168 (66.4) |
97 (87.4) |
1.0 |
|
| Moved to Winnipeg in past year |
85 (33.6) |
14 (12.6) |
0.3 (0.2–0.5) |
<0.001 |
| Deals drugs |
||||
| No |
129 (51.0) |
61 (55.0) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
124 (49.01 |
50 (45.1) |
0.9 (0.5–1.3) |
0.485 |
| Cocaine use |
||||
| No |
85 (33.6) |
44 (39.6) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
168 (66.4) |
67 (60.4) |
0.8 (0.5–1.2) |
0.27 |
| Talwin/ritalin use |
||||
| No |
190 (75.1) |
55 (49.6) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
63 (24.9) |
56 (50.5) |
3.1 (1.9–4.9) |
<0.001 |
| Morphine use |
||||
| No |
165 (64.8) |
68 (61.3) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
89 (35.2) |
43 (38.7) |
1.2 (0.7–1.8) |
0.516 |
| Heroin use |
||||
| No |
222 (87.8) |
106 (95.5) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
31 (12.3) |
5 (4.5) |
0.3 (0.1–0.9) |
0.015 |
| Injects daily |
||||
| No |
34 (13.4) |
26 (23.4) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
219 (86.6) |
85 (76.6) |
0.5 (0.3–0.9) |
0.021 |
| Injected at a hotel |
||||
| No |
160 (63.2) |
53 (47.8) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
93 (36.8) |
58 (52.2) |
1.9 (1.2–3.0) |
0.006 |
| injected at a shooting gallery |
||||
| No |
224 (88.5) |
85 (62.2) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
29 (11.5) |
26 (23.4) |
2.4 (1.3–4.2) |
0.004 |
| Ever used someone else's syringe |
||||
| No |
114 (45.1) |
25 (22.5) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
139 (54.9) |
86 (77.5) |
2.8 (1.7–4.7) |
<0.001 |
| Injected someone else as a service |
||||
| No |
204 (80.6) |
66 (59.5) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
49 (19.4) |
45 (40.6) |
2.8 (1.7–4.6) |
<0.001 |
| Obtains syringes from friends |
||||
| No |
81 (32.0) |
41 (16.9) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
172 (68.0) |
70 (63.1) |
0.8 (0.5–1.3) |
0.362 |
| Obtains syringes from questionable sources |
||||
| No |
197 (77.9) |
81 (73.0) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
56 (22.1) |
30 (27.0) |
1.3 (0.8–2.2) |
0.316 |
| Opposite-sex regular partners |
||||
| No |
81 (32.0) |
36 (32.4) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
172 (68.0) |
75 (67.6) |
1.0 (0.6–1.6) |
0.938 |
| Opposite-sex casual partners |
||||
| No |
149 (58.9) |
80 (72.1) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
104 (41.1) |
31 (27.9) |
0.6 (0.3–0.9) |
0.015 |
| Opposite-sex client partners |
||||
| No |
223 (88.1) |
90 (81.1) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
30 (11.9) |
21 (18.9) |
1.7 (0.9–3.2) |
0.081 |
| Regular same-sex partners |
||||
| No |
245 (96.8) |
109 (98.2) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
8 (3.2) |
2 (1.8) |
0.6 (0.1–2.7) |
0.448 |
| Casual same-sex partners |
||||
| No |
240 (94.9) |
109 (98.2) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
13 (5.1) |
2 (1.8) |
0.3 (0.1–1.5) |
0.113 |
| Client same-sex partners |
||||
| No |
247 (97.6) |
109 (98.2) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
6 (2.4) |
2 (1.8) |
0.8 (0.2–3.8) |
0.728 |
| Egocentric network variables (maximum number of network members = 20) |
||||
| Total number of IDU in network |
||||
| Median (IQR) |
3 (1,4) |
3 (2,5) |
1.1 (1.0–1.2) |
0.001 |
| Total number of IDU family members in network |
||||
| Median (IQR) |
0 (0,1) |
0 (0,1) |
1.3 (1.0–1.5) |
0.019 |
| Spouse IDU in network |
||||
| No |
169 (66.8) |
69 (62.2) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
84 (33.2) |
42 (37.8) |
1.2 (0.8–1.9) |
0.394 |
| IDU risk network variables (maximum number of IDU = 5) |
||||
| Number of IDU respondent sees daily |
||||
| None |
83 (32.8) |
38 (34.2) |
1.0 |
|
| 1 |
84 (33.2) |
38 (34.2) |
1.0 (0.6–1.7) |
0.965 |
| 2 |
48 (19.0) |
13 (11.7) |
0.6 (0.3–1.2) |
0.155 |
| 3–5 |
38 (15.0) |
22 (19.8) |
1.3 (0.7–2.4) |
0.479 |
| Number of IDU in network who inject daily |
||||
| None |
160 (63.2) |
50 (45.1) |
1.0 |
|
| 1 |
42 (16.6) |
25 (22.5) |
1.9 (1.1–3.4) |
0.032 |
| 2 |
31 (12.3) |
17 (15.3) |
1.8 (0.9–3.4) |
0.101 |
| 3–5 |
20 (7.9) |
19 (17.1) |
3.0 (1.5–6.1) |
0.002 |
| Number of IDU in network who have been IDU for >5 years |
||||
| 0 |
142 (56.1) |
34 (30.6) |
1.0 |
|
| 1 |
50 (19.8) |
18 (16.2) |
1.5 (0.8–2.9) |
0.223 |
| 2 |
32 (12.7) |
24 (21.6) |
3.1 (1.6–6.0) |
0.001 |
| 3–5 |
29 (11.5) |
35 (31.5) |
5.0 (2.7–9.4) |
<0.001 |
| Number of IDU in network who have injected at a hotel |
||||
| 0 |
175 (69.2) |
54 (48.7) |
1.0 |
|
| 1 |
48 (19.0) |
20 (18.0) |
1.4 (0.7–2.5) |
0.330 |
| 2–5 |
30 (11.9) |
37 (33.3) |
4.0 (2.3–7.1) |
<0.001 |
| Number of IDU in network who have injected at a shooting gallery |
||||
| 0 |
204 (80.6) |
74 (66.7) |
1.0 |
|
| 1 |
30 (11.9) |
15 (13.5) |
1.4 (0.7–2.7) |
0.351 |
| 2–5 |
19 (7.5) |
22 (19.8) |
3.2 (1.6–6.2) |
0.001 |
| Number of IDU in network with whom respondent has pooled money |
||||
| 0 |
84 (33.2) |
23 (20.7) |
1.0 |
|
| 1 |
62 (24.5) |
33 (29.7) |
1.9 (1.0–3.6) |
0.037 |
| 2–3 |
64 (25.3) |
34 (30.6) |
1.9 (1.0–3.6) |
0.036 |
| 4–5 |
43 (17.0) |
21 (18.9) |
1.8 (0.9–3.6) |
0.103 |
| Number of IDU in network who have used a syringe before the respondent used it |
||||
| 0 |
191 (75.5) |
87 (78.4) |
1.0 |
|
| 1 |
47 (18.6) |
12 (10.8) |
0.6 (0.3–1.1) |
0.097 |
| 2–5 |
15 (5.9) |
12 (10.8) |
1.8 (0.8–3.9) |
0.168 |
| Number of IDU in network who have used other drug paraphernalia before respondent has used it. |
||||
| 0 |
155 (61.3) |
67 (60.4) |
1.0 |
|
| 1 |
46 (18.2) |
13 (11.8) |
0.7 (0.3–1.3) |
0.220 |
| 2–5 |
52 (20.6) |
31 (27.9) |
1.4 (0.8–2.3) |
0.234 |
| Number of IDU in network who have initiated respondent to injection drug use |
||||
| 0 |
177 (70.0) |
88 (79.2) |
1.0 |
|
| 1 |
63 (24.9) |
21 (18.9) |
0.7 (0.4–1.2) |
0.159 |
| 2–5 |
13 (5.1) |
2 (1.8) |
0.3 (0.1–1.4) |
0.128 |
| Number of IDU in network who have shown respondent how to inject drugs |
||||
| 0 |
172 (68.0) |
79 (71.2) |
1.0 |
|
| 1 |
58 (22.9) |
23 (20.7) |
0.9 (0.5–1.5) |
0.602 |
| 2–5 |
23 (9.1) |
9 (8.1) |
0.8 (0.4–1.9) |
0.700 |
| Number of IDU in network who have injected respondent with drugs |
||||
| 0 |
133 (52.6) |
43 (38.7) |
1.0 |
|
| 1 |
65 (25.7) |
33 (29.7) |
1.6 (0.9–2.7) |
0.103 |
| 2–5 |
55 (21.7) |
35 (31.5) |
2.0 (1.1–3.4) |
0.015 |
| Number of IDU in network who have used talwin/ritalin |
||||
| 0 |
197 (77.9 |
59 (53.2) |
1.0 |
|
| 1–3 |
31 (12.3) |
29 (26.1) |
3.1 (1.7–5.6) |
<0.001 |
| 4–5 |
25 (9.9) |
48 (13.2) |
3.1 (1.6–5.8) |
0.001 |
| Number of IDU in network who have used cocaine |
||||
| 0 |
168 (66.4) |
64 (57.7) |
1.0 |
|
| 1 |
39 (15.4) |
20 (18.0) |
1.3 (0.7–2.5) |
0.340 |
| 2–3 |
26 (10.3) |
21 (18.9) |
2.1 (1.1–4.0) |
0.022 |
| 4–5 |
20 (7.9) |
26 (7.1) |
0.8 (0.3–2.0) |
0.625 |
| Number of IDU in network who have used morphine |
||||
| 0 |
198 (78.3) |
80 (72.1) |
1.0 |
|
| 1 |
34 (13.4) |
18 (16.2) |
1.3 (0.7–2.5) |
0.399 |
| 2–5 |
21 (8.3) |
13 (11.7) |
1.5 (0.7–3.2) |
0.258 |
Wylie et al. BMC Public Health 2006 6:229 doi:10.1186/1471-2458-6-229 |
||||