|
Unadjusted, matched odds ratios for the occurrence of cryptosporidiosis among patients with AIDS according to exposure to drinking water sources |
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| Cases (n = 49) |
Controls (n = 99) |
|||||
| Variable |
N |
(%) |
N |
(%) |
Odds Ratio |
95% CI |
|
|
||||||
| Tap water at home |
||||||
| Never |
2 |
(4) |
31 |
(31) |
1.00 |
Reference |
| Sometimes |
20 |
(41) |
30 |
(30) |
9.54 |
2.06, 44.1 |
| Always |
27 |
(55) |
38 |
(38) |
9.78 |
2.14, 44.7 |
| Tap water outside home |
||||||
| Never |
29 |
(59) |
81 |
(82) |
1.00 |
Reference |
| Sometimes |
4 |
(8) |
8 |
(8) |
2.00 |
0.53, 7.50 |
| Always |
16 |
(33) |
10 |
(10) |
4.20 |
1.76, 10.0 |
| Tap water compositea |
||||||
| Lowest exposure |
2 |
(4) |
29 |
(29) |
1.00 |
Reference |
| Intermediate exposure |
35 |
(71) |
64 |
(65) |
7.08 |
1.59, 31.4 |
| Highest exposure |
12 |
(24) |
6 |
(6) |
24.3 |
4.21, 139 |
| Bottled water at home |
||||||
| Never |
25 |
(51) |
38 |
(38) |
1.00 |
Reference |
| Sometimes |
24 |
(49) |
40 |
(40) |
0.81 |
0.37, 1.76 |
| Always |
0 |
(0) |
21 |
(21) |
0.09c |
0.03, 0.37 |
| Bottled water outside home |
||||||
| Never |
17 |
(35) |
36 |
(36) |
1.00 |
Reference |
| Sometimes |
10 |
(20) |
20 |
(20) |
0.97 |
0.28, 3.40 |
| Always |
22 |
(45) |
43 |
(43) |
0.75 |
0.28, 2.06 |
| Bottled water compositeb |
||||||
| Lowest exposure |
11 |
(22) |
17 |
(17) |
1.00 |
Reference |
| Intermediate exposure |
38 |
(78) |
70 |
(71) |
0.66 |
0.26, 1.68 |
| Highest exposure |
0 |
(0) |
12 |
(12) |
0.17c |
0.06, 0.83 |
| Filtered municipal water |
||||||
| Filtered |
27 |
(55) |
51 |
(52) |
1.00 |
Reference |
| Mixed |
14 |
(29) |
37 |
(37) |
0.75 |
0.35, 1.58 |
| Unfiltered |
8 |
(16) |
11 |
(11) |
1.36 |
0.44, 4.16 |
|
aLowest = answered never consumed tap water both inside and outside the home; Highest = answered always consumed tap water both inside and outside the home; Intermediate = all other responses bLowest = answered never consumed bottled water both inside and outside the home; Highest = answered always consumed bottled water both inside and outside the home; Intermediate = all other responses cUnmatched, median-unbiased odds ratio estimate and exact 95% confidence intervals calculated directly from the mid-p function based on the hypergeometric model (see methods) | ||||||
Aragón et al. BMC Public Health 2003 3:2 doi:10.1186/1471-2458-3-2 |
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