Table 1

Descriptive statistics by incarceration status.

Total %

(N = 1,990)

Formerly Incarcerated %

(N = 160)

Never Incarcerated %

(N = 1,830)

P

White

38.6

26.9

39.6

.016

Black

23.0

38.3

21.6

< .001

Asian

10.8

0.3

11.8

< .001

Latino

26.0

33.1

25.4

.053

Other race

1.6

1.4

1.6

.821

Age 20-29

19.9

22.5

19.7

.419

Age 30-39

22.6

21.7

22.7

.779

Age 40-49

20.4

24.2

20.1

.301

Age 50-59

15.5

20.6

15.0

.124

Age 60 and older

21.5

11.1

22.5

.001

Male

46.0

75.9

43.3

< .001

Female

54.0

24.1

56.7

Income $20,000 or more

30.9

38.4

30.3

.092

Income less than $20,000

69.1

61.6

69.7

Less than HS education

26.1

35.6

25.2

.023

High school education

18.6

24.2

18.1

.122

Greater than HS education

59.1

77.6

57.4

< .001

Not married

55.8

66.2

54.9

.021

Married

44.2

33.8

45.1

Injured by partner

2.1

7.6

1.6

.004

Current smoker

23.6

47.5

21.4

< .001

Former smoker

20.5

22.5

20.4

.615

Heavy drinking

38.8

46.8

38.0

.037

Binge drinking

26.0

38.6

24.8

.001

Intravenous drug user

1.4

8.8

0.8

< .001

Cocaine user

3.4

10.7

2.8

< .001

Note. Means and p-values adjusted for complex survey design using clinic weights for asthma and hypertension and fasting weights for diabetes. P-values are from regressing former incarceration on each of the individual background attributes, separately.

Wang and Green BMC Public Health 2010 10:290   doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-290