Table 5 |
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Minerals: The average levels of minerals measured in the Neurotypical group and the Arizona Autism Treatment and Arizona Autism Placebo groups (pre and post) who completed the study are reported below, along with their standard deviations. |
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Essential Minerals + other minerals |
Neuro-typicals (n = 44) |
Treatment Group (n = 19) |
Placebo Group (n = 20) |
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Pre |
Post |
% change |
p-value |
Pre |
Post |
% change |
p-value |
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|
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Calcium-WB (mg/dL) |
5.8 +/- 0.3 |
5.9 +/- 0.4 |
6.0 +/0.4 |
+1% |
n.s. |
5.8 +/- 0.3 |
5.6 +/- 0.5 |
-2% |
n.s. |
|
|
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Calcium-RBC (ug/g) |
22.4 +/- 6 |
19.2 +/- 7.9 |
27.4 +/- 3.6 |
+43% |
0.001 |
19.5 +/- 7.5 |
25.2 +/- 4.3 |
+30% |
0.02 |
|
|
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|
Calcium-Serum (mg/dL) |
9.60 +/- 0.2 |
9.65 +/- 0.4 |
9.51 +/- 0.3 |
-1% |
0.07 |
9.59 +/- 0.4 |
9.53 +/- 0.3 |
0% |
n.s. |
|
|
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Chromium-RBC (ng/g) |
0.80 +/- 0.4 |
1.02 +/- 0.50 |
0.81 +/- 0.6 |
-21% |
n.s. |
0.77 +/- 0.44 |
0.70 +/- 0.3 |
-9% |
n.s. |
|
|
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Copper-WB (ug/dL) |
89 +/- 14 |
91.2 +/- 13 |
95.9 +/- 17 |
+5% |
0.09 |
93.9 +/- 10 |
95.5 +/- 13 |
+2% |
n.s. |
|
|
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Copper-RBC (ug/g) |
0.72 +/- 0.09 |
0.75 +/- 0.08 |
0.78 +/- 0.08 |
+4% |
0.06 |
0.74 +/- 0.08 |
0.77 +/- 0.08 |
+4% |
n.s. |
|
|
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Iodine-Urine (ug/mg creatinine) |
0.26 +/- 0.2 |
0.28 +/- 0.26 |
0.43 +/- 0.27 |
+54% |
0.03* |
0.23 +/- 0.15 |
0.22 +/- 0.15 |
-5% |
n.s. |
|
|
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Iron-RBC (ug/g) |
833 +/- 64 |
887 +/- 101 |
806 +/- 54 |
-9% |
0.006 |
883 +/- 80 |
826 +/- 51 |
-7% |
0.02 |
|
|
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Iron-Serum (ug/dL) |
87 +/- 35 |
91 +/- 34 |
88 +/- 46 |
-3% |
n.s. |
80 +/- 33 |
81 +/- 25 |
+2% |
n.s. |
|
|
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Serum Ferritin |
36.9 +/- 17 |
42.1 +/- 23 |
37.3 +/- 23 |
-11% |
n.s. |
41.3 +/- 25.1 |
33.4 +/- 22 |
-19% |
0.004 |
|
|
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Lithium-WB (ug/L) |
3.6 +/- 6 |
1.82 +/- 0.8 |
10.6 +/-5.1 |
+485% |
.000001 |
1.60 +/- 0.7 |
1.47 +/- 0.7 |
-8% |
n.s. |
|
|
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Magnesium-WB (mg/dL) |
3.64 +/- 0.26 |
3.44 +/- 0.19 |
3.62 +/- 0.25 |
+5% |
0.00007 |
3.65 +/- 0.41 |
3.81 +/-0.42 |
+4% |
0.03 |
|
|
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Magnesium-RBC (ug/g) |
47.5 +/- 5 |
48.6 +/- 7.5 |
44.9 +/- 4.0 |
-8% |
0.03 |
49.4 +/- 5.8 |
47.9 +/- 6.0 |
-3% |
n.s. |
|
|
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Magnesium-Serum (mg/dL) |
2.03 +/- 0.15 |
1.90 +/- 0.13 |
1.95 +/- 0.15 |
+2% |
n.s. |
1.93 +/- 0.14 |
1.97 +/- 0.15 |
+2% |
n.s. |
|
|
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Manganese-WB (ug/L) |
11.6 +/- 3 |
11.0 +/- 3.3 |
13.6 +/- 4.4 |
+23% |
0.0006 |
12.0 +/- 4.7 |
14.5 +/- 5.0 |
+21% |
0.00002 |
|
|
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Manganese-RBC (ug/g) |
0.018 +/- 0.005 |
0.019 +/- 0.007 |
0.019 +/- 0.006 |
+1% |
n.s. |
0.020 +/- 0.006 |
0.019 +/- 0.007 |
-4% |
n.s. |
|
|
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Molybdenum-WB (ug/L) |
1.39 +/- 0.3 |
1.27 +/- 0.23 |
1.88 +/- 0.9 |
+48% |
0.007* |
1.34 +/- 0.3 |
1.37 +/- 0.3 |
+3% |
n.s. |
|
|
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|
Molybdenum-RBC (ng/g) |
0.98 +/- 0.2 |
1.01 +/- 0.3 |
1.32 +/- 0.0007 |
+31% |
0.06* |
0.87 +/- 0.26 |
0.93 +/- 0.2 |
+7% |
n.s. |
|
|
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Phosphorus-RBC (ug/g) |
567 +/- 43 |
587 +/- 73 |
546 +/- 39 |
-7% |
0.01 |
598 +/- 48 |
564 +/-37 |
-6% |
0.002 |
|
|
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Phosphorus-Serum (mg/dL) |
4.58 +/- 0.5 |
4.52 +/- 0.5 |
4.47 +/- 0.6 |
-1% |
n.s. |
4.57 +/- 0.5 |
4.68 +/- 0.7 |
+2% |
n.s. |
|
|
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|
Potassium -RBC-mEq/L |
76.9 +/- 4.1 |
78.1 +/- 6.2 |
75.5 +/- 4.4 |
-3% |
n.s. |
81.1 +/- 5.1 |
77.2 +/- 5.1 |
-5% |
0.01 |
|
|
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|
Potassium-Serum mEq/L |
4.17 +/- 0.3 |
4.12 +/- 0.3 |
4.21 +/- 0.3 |
+2% |
n.s. |
4.01 +/- 0.3 |
4.04 +/- 0.3 |
1% |
n.s. |
|
|
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|
Selenium-WB (ug/L) |
210 +/- 20 |
209 +/- 25 |
223 +/- 28 |
+7% |
0.001 |
211 +/- 39 |
218 +/- 44 |
+3% |
0.05 |
|
|
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|
Selenium-RBC (ug/g) |
0.23 +/- 0.03 |
0.251 +/- 0.025 |
0.235 +/- 0.03 |
-6% |
0.007 |
0.244 +/- 0.052 |
0.221 +/- 0.04 |
-10% |
0.002 |
|
|
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|
Sodium-Serum mEq/L |
137 +/- 1 |
137 +/- 2 |
137 +/- 1 |
0% |
n.s. |
138 +/- 3 |
138 +/- 2 |
0% |
n.s. |
|
|
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|
Vanadium-RBC (ng/g) |
0. 22 +/- 0.07 |
0. 22 +/- 0.09 |
0. 21 +/- 0.05 |
-5% |
n.s. |
0.21 +/- 0.04 |
0.23 +/- 0.09 |
+10% |
n.s. |
|
|
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|
Zinc-WB (ug/dL) |
555 +/- 74 |
546 +/- 70 |
556 +/- 68 |
+2% |
n.s. |
559 +/- 59 |
567 +/-59 |
+1% |
n.s. |
|
|
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|
Zinc-RBC (ug/g) |
8.9 +/- 1.4 |
9.1 +/- 1.5 |
8.6 +/- 1.2 |
-5% |
n.s. |
9.1 +/- 1.1 |
8.8 +/- 1.2 |
-3% |
n.s. |
|
|
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|
Non-essential minerals |
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Boron-RBC (ug/g) |
0.025 +/- 0.007 |
0.031 +/- 0.015 |
0.022 +/- 0.008 |
-30% |
0.004 |
0.025 +/- 0.013 |
0.019 +/- 0.010 |
-24% |
n.s. |
|
|
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|
Strontium-WB (ug/L) |
24 +/- 6 |
21.6 +/- 3.7 |
22.8 +/-4.5 |
+6% |
n.s. |
29.1 +/- 10 |
28.6 +/-10 |
-2% |
n.s. |
|
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|
Biomarker data was obtained only for the Arizona autism group. The p-value for a t-test comparison of the change in the level is reported. If the p-value is below 0.05, then the result is highlighted. * The ttest for urinary iodine and WB & RBC Molybdenum was done after a square root transformation of the data, since the initial data was not close to a Gaussian distribution. |
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Adams et al. BMC Pediatrics 2011 11:111 doi:10.1186/1471-2431-11-111 |
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