Figure 2.

IL-11 is able to promote the development and/or survival of osteoclast progenitor cells. (A) Bone marrow flush cultured in α-MEM containing IL-11 (10 ng/ml) or equal volume of vehicle (PBS) and remaining surviving cells were counted at day 3, 4, 5, and 6. Data are expressed as a mean +/− S.E. *, p < 0.02, **, p < 0.002. (B) On day 6, IL-11-dependent bone marrow cells were then seeded into 48 well plates at 1 × 10⁴, 2 × 10⁴, or 4 × 10⁴ cells per well and treated with 100 ng/ml RANKL and 10 ng/ml rM-CSF. Quantification of the osteoclastogenesis assays is shown in mean number of multinucleated TRAP-positive cells (>3 nuclei) per well. (C) Each condition had three replicates (wells) and was repeated 4 times. A representative area of the culture from each condition is shown (4× and 10× magnification). A separate set of cultures was continued 4 additional days to perform bone resorption assays. Resorption pits were then visualized by SEM. Magnification by SEM was 200x.