Table 14

Interventions with evidence of synergistic impact on stillbirth and maternal and neonatal health outcomes

Evidence of stillbirth reduction

Maternal benefit

Neonatal/infant benefit

Antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation

*

Reduced anemia (iron-containing supplements)

Improved micronutrient status and survival

Balanced protein-energy supplementation

*

Improved nutritional status

Reductions in low birth weight

Maternal deworming

*

Reduced anemia, improved nutritional status

Syphilis screening and treatment

**

Eradication of syphilis infection

Reductions in congenital syphilis (neonatal morbidity and mortality)

Malaria chemoprophylaxis

*

Reduced burden of malaria and anemia, reduced maternal mortality

Insecticide-treated bed net use in pregnancy

**

Reduced burden of malaria and anemia, reduced maternal mortality

Intrapartum cardiotocography with or without pulse oximetry

*

-

Reduced birth asphyxia, neonatal mortality

Emergency obstetric care packages

**¹

Reduced maternal morbidity and mortality

Reduced neonatal morbidity and mortality

* Some evidence of benefit

** Clear evidence of benefit

¹Based on observational data

Bhutta et al. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2009 9(Suppl 1):S7   doi:10.1186/1471-2393-9-S1-S7