Table 1

Definitions of Stages and Phases of Labour and Diagnostic Criteria for Dystocia

Stage of labour
Definition of stage and phase
Diagnostic Criteria for Dystocia

First stage

From onset of regular contractions leading to
cervical dilatation to full dilatation of cervix

     Latent phase
Cervix 0 – 3.9 cm dilatation
The diagnosis was not to be given in this phase
     Active phase
Cervix ≥ 4 cm dilatation
< 1/2 cm dilatation of cervix per hour, assessed over 4 hours = dystocia
Second stage
From full dilatation of cervix to the child is born

     Descending phase
     
     
From full dilatation of cervix to strong
and irresistible urge to push

> 2 hours without descent = dystocia.
If epidural is administered:
> 3 hours = dystocia
     Expulsive phase
     
Strong and irresistible pushing during the
major part of the contraction
> 1 hour without progress = dystocia

Kjærgaard et al. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2008 8:45   doi:10.1186/1471-2393-8-45