Table 2

Associations of childhood and adulthood direct pesticide application with PD in negative history families.

% Exposed*







Cases, n = 228
 Controls, n = 215
 p for trend (GEE model 1)**
 OR and 95% CI (GEE model 2)**
History of pesticide use



     Ever
 62.7
 47.4
1.80
 1.20–2.70
     Never
 37.3
 52.6
1.00
 Referent
Frequency (days/year)
<0.001

     >10
 24.1
 11.2
2.55
 1.38–4.73
     4–10
 15.8
 13.0
1.58
 0.84–2.99
     <4
 19.7
 18.6
1.52
 0.89–2.62
     Never
 37.3
 52.6
1.00
 Referent
Duration (years)
0.012

     >25
 21.9
 13.5
1.98
 1.14–3.46
     10–25
 18.4
 18.6
1.32
 0.76–2.28
     <10
 17.5
 11.6
2.04
 1.08–3.88
     Never
 37.3
 52.6
1.00
 Referent
Cumulative exposure (days)
<0.001

     >179
 21.9
 10.7
3.25
 1.84–5.73
     42–179
 18.0
 15.3
1.46
 0.80–2.68
     <42
 15.4
 14.0
1.48
 0.83–2.66
     Never
 37.3
 52.6
1.00
 Referent

*Column totals may not sum to 100 due to rounding or missing data.

**GEE model adjusted for AAE, sex, cigarette smoking, and caffeine consumption.

Hancock et al. BMC Neurology 2008 8:6   doi:10.1186/1471-2377-8-6