Table 1 |
||||||||
| Characteristics of the female chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients and female healthy controls (HC) | ||||||||
| No. | Age (years) | Duration of pain (month) | VASQST | NRS4average | NRS4max | BDI | RDQ | Reported medications (as needed) |
| 1 | 52 | 360 | 5.8 | 4 | 8 | 11 | 15 | No medication at all |
| 2 | 54 | 168 | 5.1 | 5 | 7 | 12 | 6 | Diclofenac (5-10/month) |
| 3 | 49 | 120 | 1.0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | Ibuprofen (2-3/month) |
| 4 | 52 | 88 | 3.0 | 3 | 3 | 9 | 5 | Diclofenac (0-8/month) |
| 5 | 49 | 240 | 2.2 | 5 | 8 | 4 | 5 | Ibuprofen (0-1/month) |
| 6 | 54 | 108 | 4.6 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 3 | Diclofenac (2-3/month) |
| 7 | 50 | > 60 | 3.5 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 5 | Flupirtin (1-10/month) |
| 8 | 56 | > 60 | 3.5 | 4 | 7 | 9 | 6 | No medication at all |
| 9 | 56 | > 60 | 1.1 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 2 | Diclofenac (0-10/month) |
| 10 | 44 | > 60 | 1.0 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 2 | Ibuprofen (0-3/month) |
| 11 | 55 | 147 | 3.6 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | No medication at all |
| 12 | 54 | > 60 | 3.1 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 3 | Ibuprofen (0-10/month) |
| 13 | 48 | > 60 | 3.8 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 6 | No medication at all |
| 14 | 56 | > 60 | 1.0 | 2 | 3 | 11 | 1 | No medication at all |
| CLBP (mean ± SD) | 52.1 ± 3.7 | > 60** | 3.0 ± 1.7** | 3.4 ± 1.4** | 5.3 ± 2.3** | 7.6 ± 3.5** | 4.7 ± 3.4** | |
| HC (mean ± SD) | 51.9 ± 4.9 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 1.8 ± 1.5 | 0.1 ± 0.5 | |
VASQST, 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS): current pain intensity before Quantitative sensory testing (QST); NRS 4average, numerical rating scale (NRS) pain intensity rating in response: “How would you rate your average pain over the last four weeks?”; NRS 4max, numerical rating scale (NRS) pain intensity rating in response: “How would you rate your highest pain intensity experienced within the last four weeks?” VAS/NRS left anchor with 0 = “no pain” and right anchor with 100/10 = “pain as bad as you can imagine”; BDI – Beck Depression Inventory [28]; RDQ – Roland and Morris Disability Questionnaire [63–65]. Reported medications: Mean use of medication; however, all CLBP patients were without any analgesic medication for at least 48 hours before the examination. All participants were employed. Significant difference between CLBP and HC: ** - P < 0.001.
Puta et al. BMC Neurology 2012 12:98 doi:10.1186/1471-2377-12-98
