Table 1 |
||
| Main characteristics of the 112 HIV-infected and 76 HIV-uninfected subjects | ||
| HIV+ | HIV- | |
| Demographic and lifestyle characteristics | ||
| Age years ± SD | 47 ± 9.7 | 49 ± 11.3 |
| Sex (M/F) | 63/49 | 42/34 |
| BMI (kg/m2): | ||
| < 25 | 77 (68.7) | 47 (62) |
| ≥ 25-29 | 28 (25) | 23 (30) |
| ≥ 30 | 7 (6.2) | 6 (8) |
| Smoking status: | 37 (33) | |
| Non- smokers | 44 (58) | |
| Smokers | 58 (53) | 21 (28) |
| Former smokers | 16 (14) | 11 (14) |
| Free time physical activity | 57 (51) | 45 (60) |
| Heavy workers | 16 (14) | 10 (13) |
| Italian espresso caffeine intake1 | 30 (27) | 23 (29) |
| Alcohol | 6 (5) | 3 (4) |
| Diabetes | 20 (18) | 11 (14) |
| Education: | ||
| Primary school | 34 (30.3) | 20 (26) |
| Secondary school | 34 (30.3) | 26 (34) |
| Higher level | 44 (39.3) | 30 (40) |
| Postmenopause | 18 (36.7) | 26 (34) |
| Fracture | 4 (3.5) | 2 (3) |
| Calcium intake | ||
| Daily calcium intake (mg/day) (range) | 454 (96-1359) | |
| Dairy intake (times/week) (range) | 10 (2-32) | |
| Daily milk intake (ml/day) (range) | 200 (0-800) | |
| Yogurt intake | 36 (32) | |
| Yogurt intake (ml/week) | 0 (0-1750) | |
| Parmesan intake | 100 (89) | |
| Characteristics of HIV infection | ||
| Time since HIV diagnosis (years) (range) | 15 (1-27) | |
| Drug addiction | 28 (25) | |
| CD4+ T-cell count (cells/μL) (range) | 551 (5-1082) | |
| nadir CD4+ T-cell count <200 (cells/μL) | 75 (67) | |
| Undetectable HIV-RNA | 81 (72.3) | |
| ART | 104 (93) | |
| Duration of ART exposure: | ||
| < 5 years | 18 (17.3) | |
| 5-9 | 17 (16.3) | |
| ≥ 10 | 69 (66.3) | |
| HCV infection | 41 (36.6) | |
1 Italian espresso caffeine intake = > 4 cups per day.
Vecchi et al. BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:192 doi:10.1186/1471-2334-12-192
