|
Prevalence, incidence, fall free survival and risk estimates of prospectively reported falls during follow-up year |
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| Study participant characteristics |
Prevalence: How common is falling or repeated falling >90 years? |
Incidence: How frequently do >90-year-olds fall? |
Fall free survival: How long till a fall? |
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|
|
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| n |
Reported ≥ 1 fall in follow/up n (%) |
Relative Risk – unadjusted RR (95% C.I.) |
Reported ≥ 2 falls in follow/up n (%) |
Relative Risk – unadjusted RR (95% C.I.) |
N° of f/up falls |
P-yrs of f/up |
F/up falls /p-yr |
Incidence Rate Ratio – unadjusted IRR (95% C.I.) |
Time to 1st fall Mean (SD) |
Hazard Ratio -unadjusted HR (95% C.I.) |
|
|
|
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| AGE |
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| Each additional year > 91 years |
- |
1.0 (1.0–1.1) |
- |
1.1 (1.0–1.2) |
- |
- |
- |
1.04 (1.0–1.2) |
- |
||
| AGE-BAND |
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| 91–94 years old |
74 |
43 (58) |
1.0 |
31 (42) |
1.0 |
174 |
68.2 |
2.6 |
1.0 |
130(89) |
1.0 |
| ≥ 95 years old |
36 |
23 (64) |
1.1 (0.8–1.4) |
18 (50) |
1.2 (0.7–1.7) |
91 |
27.5 |
3.3 |
1.5 (0.7–3.1) |
75(66) |
1.6 (0.9–2.6) |
| GENDER |
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| Men |
20 |
10 (50) |
1.0 |
7 (35) |
1.0 |
54 |
17.2 |
3.1 |
1.0 |
108(92) |
1.0 |
| Women |
90 |
56 (62) |
1.3 (0.8–1.6) |
42 (47) |
1.3 (0.7–2.0) |
211 |
78.5 |
2.7 |
0.8 (0.3–2.3) |
111(85) |
1.3 (0.7–2.6) |
| PLACE OF RESIDENCE |
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| Living in the community (house, flat or granny flat) |
62 |
35 (57) |
1.0 |
25 (40) |
1.0 |
138 |
56.1 |
2.5 |
1.0 |
116(96) |
1.0 |
| Living in any supported setting (Sheltered housing or institution) |
48 |
31 (65) |
1.1 (0.8–1.4) |
24 (50) |
1.3 (0.8–1.7) |
127 |
39.7 |
3.2 |
1.4 (0.8–2.4) |
104(73) |
1.3 (0.8–2.1) |
| EDUCATION |
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| Left school aged 14 yrs or less |
67 |
38 (57) |
1.0 |
26 (39) |
1.0 |
118 |
57.1 |
2.1 |
1.0 |
126(95) |
1.0 |
| Full-time education aged 15+ yrs |
43 |
28 (65) |
1.1 (0.8–1.4) |
23 (54) |
1.4 (0.9–1.8) |
147 |
38.6 |
3.8 |
1.8 (0.9–3.7) |
89(66) |
1.4 (0.8–2.2) |
| SOCIAL CLASS |
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| Manual |
55 |
34 (62) |
1.0 |
21 (38) |
1.0 |
95 |
46.5 |
2.0 |
1.0 |
120(86) |
1.0 |
| Non-manual |
51 |
30 (59) |
1.0 (0.6–1.2) |
27 (53) |
1.4 (0.9–1.9) |
163 |
46.2 |
3.5 |
1.9 (1.0–3.6) |
103(87) |
0.9 (0.5–1.5) |
| FALL HISTORY |
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| Not fallen in year before interview |
46 |
23 (50) |
1.0 |
14 (30) |
1.0 |
47 |
40.8 |
1.2 |
1.0 |
132(92) |
1.0 |
| Fallen at least once in past year |
63 |
42 (67) |
1.3 (0.9–1.6) |
34 (54) |
1.8 (1.1–2.4) |
216 |
54.6 |
4.0 |
3.6 (2.0–6.3) |
101(81) |
1.7 (1.0–2.8) |
| Fallen only once or not past year |
72 |
32 (44) |
1.0 |
21 (29) |
1.0 |
80 |
62.4 |
1.3 |
1.0 |
137(89) |
1.0 |
| Fallen > once in past year |
37 |
33 (89) |
2.0 (1.6–2.2) |
27 (73) |
2.5 (1.8–3.0) |
183 |
33.0 |
5.6 |
4.7 (2.6–8.7) |
88(75) |
3.5 (2.1–5.7) |
|
|
|||||||||||
| TOTAL SAMPLE |
110 |
66 (60) |
49 (45) |
265 |
95.7 |
2.8 |
111(85) |
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Fleming et al. BMC Geriatrics 2008 8:6 doi:10.1186/1471-2318-8-6 |
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