Figure 8.

Molecular characterization of the medaka atmS444X mutant. (A) Sequence alignment of vertebrate ATM in exon 9. Conserved residues are highlighted by white letters on a black background. (B) Sequence traces of the region of the point mutation in cultured cells established from the wild type and heterozygous and homozygous atmS444X mutants. (C) Quantitative PCR showed a decrease in the atm transcript in atmS444X heterozygous and homozygous cells. Ratios of atm cDNA to atr cDNA as a control are shown, normalized to the levels in the respective wild-type proteins. Quantitative PCR was performed either at the 5' region (black bars) or 3' region (gray bars).