Table 5

Estimated dates derived from the r8s molecular dating analyses, along with standard deviations of the node ages derived from Penalized Likelihood bootstrap analyses.

Estimated ages

Node

Calibration point

Strict Molecular Clock

Relaxed Molecular Clock NPRS with r8s Mya

0.8%/Mya

1.05%/Mya

95% of confidence

1

Merida-Perija Mountains 8–12 Mya

24.6 ML (18 – 23)

32.3 ML (23.7–42.8)

15

Colossoma macropomum 15 Mya

11 p (9.8 – 12.4)

14.6 p (12.8–16.3)

2

Mesoamerica Colonization

7.7 ML (6.36–9.32)

10.05 ML (8.35–12.23)

7.9 SD 0.165 (7.8–8.1)

5.5 p (4.9–6.4)

7.3 p (6.4–8.5)

3

Motagua-Polochic fault

4.6 ML (2.9–7.9)

6 ML (3.8–10)

7.1* SD 0.34 (6.0–7.8)

3.7 p (2.5–5.7)

4.9 p (3.3–7.5)

4

Radiation in North Mesoamerica Lineages

3.8 ML (2–6.2)

4.83 ML (2.7–8.2)

6.7* SD 0.37 (5.7–7.5)

3.1 p (1.9–4.8)

4.1 p (2.5–6.3)

5

Central America Radiation

3.7 ML (2–6.2)

5 ML(0.2–7.42)

6.9* SD 0.39 (5.9–7.7)

3.1 p (1.9–4.8)

4.2 p (0.2–5.5)

6

TMVB 3–6 Mya

3.6 ML (2.3–5.4)

4.7 ML (3.1–7)

5.25* SD 0.37 (4.4–6.2)

3.07 p (2.2–4.3)

4.03 p (2.8–5.7)

The fixed ages are shown in Bold. P = Uncorrected distances ML = K81uf distances. Minimum and maximum values are given in parenthesis. Asterisks identify values with a normal distribution p ≤ 0.05.

Ornelas-García et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:340   doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-340