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Novel Cardioprotective Antidiabetic Medications

New Content ItemThe thematic series focusses on two groups of antidiabetic medications that have demonstrated cardiovascular benefits with consistently reduced major adverse cardiac events, improvement in heart failure and diminished cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Namely, these are the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i, also called gliflozins) and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1a, also called incretin mimetics).
Due to their cardioprotective effect, these compounds, as well as the GLP-1a "cousin" tirzepatide, represent a real breakthrough in antidiabetic therapeutics. Repurposing antidiabetic drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases is a trend that may increase in a near future allowing the inclusion of new drugs when their underlying molecular mechanisms of action will be unveiled. 

We encourage submissions of research as well as review articles. 
 

  1. Pharmacological post-MI treatment is routinely initiated at intensive/cardiac care units. However, solid evidence for an early start of these therapies is only available for dual platelet therapy and statins, ...

    Authors: Dirk von Lewinski, Ewald Kolesnik, Faisal Aziz, Martin Benedikt, Norbert J. Tripolt, Markus Wallner, Peter N. Pferschy, Friederike von Lewinski, Nora Schwegel, Rury R. Holman, Abderrahim Oulhaj, Deddo Moertl, Jolanta Siller-Matula and Harald Sourij
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:269
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported contrasting results about reverse left ventricular remodeling (LVR) after sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) therapy in patients with heart failure...

    Authors: Erberto Carluccio, Paolo Biagioli, Gianpaolo Reboldi, Anna Mengoni, Rosanna Lauciello, Cinzia Zuchi, Sandra D’Addario, Giuliana Bardelli and Giuseppe Ambrosio
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:235
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Agonism at the receptor for the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIPR) is a key component of the novel unimolecular GIPR:GLP-1R co-agonists, which are among the most promising drugs in clinical de...

    Authors: Stephan Sachs, Anna Götz, Brian Finan, Annette Feuchtinger, Richard D. DiMarchi, Yvonne Döring, Christian Weber, Matthias H. Tschöp, Timo D. Müller and Susanna M. Hofmann
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:217
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. Cardiac steatosis is an early yet overlooked feature of diabetic cardiomyopathy. There is no available therapy to treat this condition. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are used as first or second-line therap...

    Authors: Yue Gu, Elisa Avolio, Valeria V Alvino, Anita C Thomas, Andrew Herman, Poppy J Miller, Niall Sullivan, Ashton Faulkner and Paolo Madeddu
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:214
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Empagliflozin reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and high cardiovascular risk via mechanisms which have not been fully explained. The mechanisms of such be...

    Authors: Elena Fortin, Magnus Lundin, Linda Mellbin, Anna Norhammar, Per Näsman, Stina Smetana, Peder Sörensson, Ele Ferrannini, Lars Rydén and Giulia Ferrannini
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:208
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Given the cumulative evidence on the effectiveness of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) on chronic heart failure, demand is emerging for further information on their effects in patients who a...

    Authors: Sohee Park, Han Eol Jeong, Hyesung Lee, Seng Chan You and Ju-Young Shin
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:191
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors displayed cardiovascular benefits in type 2 diabetes mellitus in previous studies; however, there were some heterogeneities regarding respective cardiovascular outcom...

    Authors: Jaehyun Lim, You-Jung Choi, Bong Sung Kim, Tae-Min Rhee, Hyun-Jung Lee, Kyung-Do Han, Jun-Bean Park, Jin Oh Na, Yong-Jin Kim, Heesun Lee and Hyung-Kwan Kim
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:188
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. The relationship between sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is not yet explored.

    Authors: Faisal Aziz, Norbert J. Tripolt, Peter N. Pferschy, Ewald Kolesnik, Harald Mangge, Pero Curcic, Markus Hermann, Andreas Meinitzer, Dirk von Lewinski and Harald Sourij
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:184
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. In clinical trials enrolling patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) at high cardiovascular risk, many glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) improved albuminuria status and possibly mitigated kidne...

    Authors: Meir Schechter, Cheli Melzer Cohen, Alisa Fishkin, Aliza Rozenberg, Ilan Yanuv, Dvora R. Sehtman-Shachar, Gabriel Chodick, Alice Clark, Trine J. Abrahamsen, Jack Lawson, Avraham Karasik and Ofri Mosenzon
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:126
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) frequently coexist because of their similar pathological basis. However, whether sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), a novel class of anti-HF medi...

    Authors: Xiaolan Ouyang, Jiafu Wang, Qian Chen, Long Peng, Suhua Li and Xixiang Tang
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:124
    Content type: Review Published on:

  11. Ischemic stroke patients with diabetes are at high risk for recurrent stroke and cardiovascular complications. Pioglitazone, a type of thiazolidinedione, has been shown to reduce cardiovascular complications i...

    Authors: Joonsang Yoo, Jimin Jeon, Minyoul Baik and Jinkwon Kim
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:106
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Emerging evidence supports that dihydroceramides (DhCer) and ceramides (Cer) contribute to the pathophysiology of insulin resistance and liver steatosis, and that their circulating concentrations are independe...

    Authors: Damien Denimal, Victoria Bergas, Jean-Paul Pais-de-Barros, Isabelle Simoneau, Laurent Demizieux, Patricia Passilly-Degrace, Benjamin Bouillet, Jean-Michel Petit, Alexia Rouland, Amandine Bataille, Laurence Duvillard and Bruno Vergès
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:104
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors are used in the treatment of diabetes but are also emerging as cardioprotective agents in heart diseases even in the absence of type 2 diabetes. In this paper, upon p...

    Authors: Julia Hoehlschen, Dominik Hofreither, Tamara Tomin and Ruth Birner-Gruenberger
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:101
    Content type: Review Published on:

  15. Sodium–glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) could modulate atherosclerotic plaque progression, via down-regulation of inflammatory burden, and lead to reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events (MA...

    Authors: Celestino Sardu, Maria Consiglia Trotta, Ferdinando Carlo Sasso, Cosimo Sacra, Gerardo Carpinella, Ciro Mauro, Fabio Minicucci, Paolo Calabrò, Michele D’ Amico, Fabrizio D’ Ascenzo, Ovidio De Filippo, Mario Iannaccone, Carmine Pizzi, Giuseppe Paolisso and Raffaele Marfella
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:80
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. Due to their cardiovascular protective effect, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) represent breakthrough therapies for type 2 diabetes ...

    Authors: Pierre Gourdy, Patrice Darmon, François Dievart, Jean-Michel Halimi and Bruno Guerci
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:79
    Content type: Review Published on:

  17. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have shown cardiovascular benefits in cardiovascular outcome trials in type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the most convincing evidence was obtained in subj...

    Authors: Sara Piccini, Giuseppe Favacchio, Cristina Panico, Emanuela Morenghi, Franco Folli, Gherardo Mazziotti, Andrea Gerardo Lania and Marco Mirani
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:69
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. Patients with type 2 diabetes are at increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Sodium-glucose transport 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been shown to enhance cardiovascular health since their debut as a second-li...

    Authors: Pei-Chien Tsai, Wei-Jung Chuang, Albert Min-Shan Ko, Jui-Shuan Chen, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Chun-Han Chen and Yung-Hsin Yeh
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:57
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. No study has compared the cardiovascular outcomes for sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) head-to-head against other glucose-lowering therapies, including dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor (DDP4i...

    Authors: Jimmy Gonzalez, Benjamin A. Bates, Soko Setoguchi, Tobias Gerhard and Chintan V. Dave
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:54
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. Basal insulin glargine has a neutral effect on cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In practice, basal insulin is often paired with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1-RA) or meal insuli...

    Authors: Ravi Retnakaran, Jiajie Pu, Chang Ye, Alexandra Emery, Caroline K. Kramer and Bernard Zinman
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:50
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) and sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) demonstrated cardiovascular and renal protection. Whether their benefits occur also during hospitali...

    Authors: Filippo Trombara, Nicola Cosentino, Alice Bonomi, Monica Ludergnani, Paolo Poggio, Luigia Gionti, Marta Baviera, Pierluca Colacioppo, Maria Carla Roncaglioni, Olivia Leoni, Francesco Bortolan, Piergiuseppe Agostoni, Stefano Genovese and Giancarlo Marenzi
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:26
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. Increased acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) activity is associated with insulin resistance and cardiac dysfunction. However, the effects of ASMase on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and the molecular mechanism(s) u...

    Authors: Ruijiao Liu, Tengfei Duan, Li Yu, Yongzhong Tang, Shikun Liu, Chunjiang Wang and Wei-Jin Fang
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:25
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) plays an important role in cardiometabolic risk. EAT is a modifiable risk factor and could be a potential therapeutic target for drugs that already show cardiovascular benefits. Th...

    Authors: Veronika A. Myasoedova, Valentina Parisi, Donato Moschetta, Vincenza Valerio, Maddalena Conte, Ilaria Massaiu, Michele Bozzi, Fabrizio Celeste, Dario Leosco, Guido Iaccarino, Stefano Genovese and Paolo Poggio
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:23
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. As indications for sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are expanding, a growing number of older adults have become candidates for treatment. We studied the safety profile of SGLT2i among older ...

    Authors: Adam Goldman, Boris Fishman, Gilad Twig, Emanuel Raschi, Tali Cukierman-Yaffe, Yonatan moshkovits, Alon Pomerantz, Ilan Ben-Zvi, Rachel Dankner and Elad Maor
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. The mechanism by which a sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor (SGLT2i) induces favorable effects on diabetes and cardiovascular diseases including heart failure (HF) remains poorly understood. Metabolomics i...

    Authors: Satoshi Katano, Toshiyuki Yano, Hidemichi Kouzu, Ryohei Nagaoka, Ryo Numazawa, Kotaro Yamano, Yusuke Fujisawa, Katsuhiko Ohori, Nobutaka Nagano, Takefumi Fujito, Ryo Nishikawa, Wataru Ohwada, Masaki Katayose, Tatsuya Sato, Atsushi Kuno and Masato Furuhashi
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2022 21:285
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Glucokinase activators (GKAs) are an emerging class of glucose lowering drugs that activate the glucose-sensing enzyme glucokinase (GK). Pending formal cardiovascular outcome trials, we applied two-sample Mend...

    Authors: Ke Wang, Mai Shi, Chuiguo Huang, Baoqi Fan, Andrea O. Y. Luk, Alice P. S. Kong, Ronald C. W. Ma, Juliana C. N. Chan and Elaine Chow
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2022 21:192
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Tirzepatide is the first dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the USA, Europe, and the UAE. Tirzepatide is an acylated peptide engineered to activate the GIP and ...

    Authors: Michael A. Nauck and David A. D‘Alessio
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2022 21:169
    Content type: Review Published on:

  28. Incretin hormones are peptides released in the intestine in response to the presence of nutrients in its lumen. The main incretins are glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polyp...

    Authors: Enrique Z. Fisman and Alexander Tenenbaum
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2021 20:225
    Content type: Commentary Published on: