Selected Articles from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021

Pathophysiology and clinical implications of the veno-arterial PCO₂ gap

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at

Authors: Zied Ltaief, Antoine Guillaume Schneider and Lucas Liaudet

Citation: Critical Care 2021 25:318

Content type: Review Published on: 31 August 2021
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Secondary infections in critically ill patients with COVID-19

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at

Authors: Giacomo Grasselli, Emanuele Cattaneo and Gaetano Florio

Citation: Critical Care 2021 25:317

Content type: Review Published on: 31 August 2021
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Tracheostomy for COVID-19: evolving best practice

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at

Authors: Thomas Williams and Brendan A. McGrath

Citation: Critical Care 2021 25:316

Content type: Review Published on: 31 August 2021
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To prone or not to prone ARDS patients on ECMO

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at

Authors: Oriol Roca, Andrés Pacheco and Marina García-de-Acilu

Citation: Critical Care 2021 25:315

Content type: Review Published on: 31 August 2021
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Management of acute metabolic acidosis in the ICU: sodium bicarbonate and renal replacement therapy

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at

Authors: Kosuke Yagi and Tomoko Fujii

Citation: Critical Care 2021 25:314

Content type: Review Published on: 31 August 2021
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Acute kidney injury in ECMO patients

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at

Authors: Marlies Ostermann and Nuttha Lumlertgul

Citation: Critical Care 2021 25:313

Content type: Review Published on: 31 August 2021
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Monitoring and modifying brain oxygenation in patients at risk of hypoxic ischaemic brain injury after cardiac arrest

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at

Authors: Markus Benedikt Skrifvars, Mypinder Sekhon and Erik Anders Åneman

Citation: Critical Care 2021 25:312

Content type: Review Published on: 31 August 2021
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Advanced management of intermediate-high risk pulmonary embolism

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at

Authors: Tatiana Weinstein, Himanshu Deshwal and Shari B. Brosnahan

Citation: Critical Care 2021 25:311

Content type: Review Published on: 31 August 2021
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Measuring vitamin C in critically ill patients: clinical importance and practical difficulties—Is it time for a surrogate marker?

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at

Authors: Sander Rozemeijer, Frans A. L. van der Horst and Angélique M. E. de Man

Citation: Critical Care 2021 25:310

Content type: Review Published on: 31 August 2021
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Still a place for aortic counterpulsation in cardiac surgery and patients with cardiogenic shock?

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at

Authors: Matthias Heringlake, Astrid Ellen Berggreen and Hauke Paarmann

Citation: Critical Care 2021 25:309

Content type: Review Published on: 31 August 2021
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