Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common movement disorder and manifests as resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Pathologically, PD is characterized by selective loss of dopamin...
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the biggest organelle in cells and is involved in versatile cellular processes. Formation and maintenance of ER morphology are regulated by a series of proteins controlling me...
The sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) is a chaperone that resides mainly at the mitochondrion-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane (called the MAMs) and acts as a dynamic pluripotent modulator in living syst...
Authors: Tzu-Yu Weng, Shang-Yi Anne Tsai and Tsung-Ping Su
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality of both young adults of less than 45 years of age and the elderly, and contributes to about 30% of all injury deaths in ...
Authors: Barry J. Hoffer, Chaim G. Pick, Michael E. Hoffer, Robert E. Becker, Yung-Hsiao Chiang and Nigel H. Greig
Three-dimensional (3D) brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), appear to recapitulate the brain’s 3D...
Authors: Chun-Ting Lee, Raphael M. Bendriem, Wells W. Wu and Rong-Fong Shen
