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Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease

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Submission Status: Closed


This Cardiovascular Diabetology’s collection was edited by Enrique Fisman, MD, Tel Aviv University, Israel

The striking relationship between cardiovascular diseases and glucose metabolism imbalance has raised the likelihood that atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) may share common antecedents. Inflammation is emerging as a plausible etiologic mechanism for both ailments. Both epidemiological and genetic studies indicate that increased pro-inflammatory biomarkers are associated with the development of insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, several constituents of the immune system present various degrees of inflammatory alterations in patients T2DM. Knowledge of the pathophysiological changes involved in the occurrence of T2DM and its related complications is critical for achieving a successful prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Genetic polymorphisms encoding production of inflammatory cytokines and increased level of inflammatory biomarkers are usually associated to chronic pathologic conditions in TDM2.The most apparent clinical changes are observed in the heart, the kidneys, the eyes, the adipose tissue, the liver, the pancreatic islets and the vasculature.

The Guest Editors have no competing interests with the submissions which they handle through the peer review process. The peer review of any submissions for which the Guest Editors have competing interests is handled by another Editorial Board Member who has no competing interests.


  1. Obesity is often associated with multiple comorbidities. However, whether obese subjects with hyperlipidemia in the absence of other complications have worse cardiac indices than metabolically healthy obese su...

    Authors: Jing Liu, Jing Li, Chunchao Xia, Wenzhang He, Xue Li, Sumin Shen, Xiaoyue Zhou, Nanwei Tong and Liqing Peng
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:120
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. Coronary inflammation plays crucial role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induced cardiovascular complications. Both glucose-lowering drug interventions (GLDIS) and glycemic control (GC) status potentially c...

    Authors: Yuankang Liu, Lisong Dai, Yue Dong, Cong Ma, Panpan Cheng, Cuiping Jiang, Hongli Liao, Ying Li, Xiang Wang and Xiangyang Xu
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:108
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Diabetes-induced trained immunity contributes to the development of atherosclerosis and its complications. This study aimed to investigate in humans whether epigenetic signals involved in immune cell activatio...

    Authors: Maria Cristina Vinci, Sarah Costantino, Giulia Damiano, Erica Rurali, Raffaella Rinaldi, Vera Vigorelli, Annalisa Sforza, Ermes Carulli, Sergio Pirola, Giorgio Mastroiacovo, Angela Raucci, Assam El-Osta, Francesco Paneni and Giulio Pompilio
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:107
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major contributor to mortality in diabetic patients, characterized by a multifaceted pathogenesis and limited therapeutic options. While lactate, a byproduct of glycolysis, i...

    Authors: Xiu Mei Ma, Kang Geng, Peng Wang, Zongzhe Jiang, Betty Yuen-Kwan Law and Yong Xu
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:96
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. The association of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ECAS) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relati...

    Authors: Yu Xie, Kuan Cen, Bitang Dan, Li Zou, Lei Zhang, Renwei Zhang, Huagang Li, Qi Cai, Nadire Aiziretiaili, Zhenxing Liu and Yumin Liu
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:95
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Insulin resistance (IR) is involved in the pathophysiological processes of arrhythmias. Increasing evidence suggests triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index, metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), trig...

    Authors: Zhe Wang, Haoming He, Yingying Xie, Jiaju Li, Fangyuan Luo, Zhaowei Sun, Shuwen Zheng, Furong Yang, Xuexi Li, Xiaojie Chen, Yingwei Chen and Yihong Sun
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:87
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. The stress hyperglycaemic ratio (SHR), a new marker that reflects the true hyperglycaemic state of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), is strongly associated with adverse clinical outcomes in these pa...

    Authors: Kui Li, Xueyuan Yang, Yunhang Li, Guanxue Xu and Yi Ma
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:59
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Hypoglycaemia has been shown to induce a systemic pro-inflammatory response, which may be driven, in part, by the adrenaline response. Prior exposure to hypoglycaemia attenuates counterregulatory hormone respo...

    Authors: Clementine E. M. Verhulst, Julia I. P. van Heck, Therese W. Fabricius, Rinke Stienstra, Steven Teerenstra, Rory J. McCrimmon, Cees J. Tack, Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard and Bastiaan E. de Galan
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:55
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGR1), primarily expressed on hepatocytes, promotes the clearance and the degradation of glycoproteins, including lipoproteins, from the circulation. In humans, loss-of-function...

    Authors: Monika Svecla, Lorenzo Da Dalt, Annalisa Moregola, Jasmine Nour, Andrea Baragetti, Patrizia Uboldi, Elena Donetti, Lorenzo Arnaboldi, Giangiacomo Beretta, Fabrizia Bonacina and Giuseppe Danilo Norata
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:42
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. It is well-known that systemic inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII, platelet × neutrophil/lymph...

    Authors: Jiachen Luo, Xiaoming Qin, Xingxu Zhang, Yiwei Zhang, Fang Yuan, Wentao Shi, Baoxin Liu and Yidong Wei
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:41
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a major global health concern, necessitating advanced risk assessment beyond traditional factors. Early vascular aging (EVA), characterized by accelerated vascular changes...

    Authors: Iván Cavero-Redondo, Alicia Saz-Lara, Irene Martínez-García, Iris Otero-Luis and Arturo Martínez-Rodrigo
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:33
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a significant risk factor for a range of cardiovascular diseases. Nonetheless, the causal relationship between T1D and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) remains to be elucidated. Furt...

    Authors: Yunyue Zhao, Enxi Quan, Tao Zeng, Zhuoshan Huang, Yanting Luo, Long Peng, Suhua Li, Jinlai Liu, Yutian Chong and Hong Cao
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:31
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. To investigate the correlation between triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and collateral circulation in patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO) of coronary arteries in different glucose metabolic states.

    Authors: Junwei Zhu, Minghui Niu, Chenxing Wang, Ying Liang, Rong Guo and Fei He
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:26
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  14. Studies have shown that insulin resistance is strongly associated with the development of cardiovascular disease, and the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI index) is considered to be a reliable sur...

    Authors: Xueyuan Yang, Kui Li, Jiaojiao Wen, Changlong Yang, Yunhang Li, Guanxue Xu and Yi Ma
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:24
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. To delineate the metabolomic differences in plasma samples between patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and those with concomitant CAD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to pinpoint distinctive me...

    Authors: Yingjian Liu, Ju-e Liu, Huafeng He, Min Qin, Heping Lei, Jinxiu Meng, Chen Liu, Xiaoping Chen, Wenwei Luo and Shilong Zhong
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2024 23:14
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. Adiposity and elevated inflammation are two hallmarks of hyperglycemia. However, it is unknown whether clustering of elevated inflammation and adiposity interact act on diabetogenesis and lead to a greater ris...

    Authors: Dan Wu, Yulong Lan, Shuohua Chen, Xiong Ding, Guanzhi Chen, Chutao Wu, Lois Balmer, Wencan Xu, Shouling Wu and Wei Wang
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:351
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. Prior studies suggest a link between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and incident arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation (AF). However, robust data are lacking from cohorts...

    Authors: Tracey G. Simon, Fahim Ebrahimi, Bjorn Roelstraete, Hannes Hagström, Johan Sundström and Jonas F. Ludvigsson
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:343
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. Matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP12) is a macrophage-secreted protein that is massively upregulated as a pro-inflammatory factor in metabolic and vascular tissues of mice and humans suffering from cardiometabol...

    Authors: Melina Amor, Valentina Bianco, Martin Buerger, Margarete Lechleitner, Nemanja Vujić, Anja Dobrijević, Alena Akhmetshina, Anita Pirchheim, Birgit Schwarz, Ariane R. Pessentheiner, Franziska Baumgartner, Katharina Rampitsch, Silvia Schauer, Iva Klobučar, Vesna Degoricija, Gudrun Pregartner…
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:327
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. This study aimed to investigate the association between the triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index and left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) in patients with coronary heart disease and to examine the rol...

    Authors: Lin Na, Wenjing Cui, Xinqi Li, Jing Chang and Xin Xue
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:321
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease worldwide and a major risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events, while the additive effects of DM on left ventricular (LV) deformation in the res...

    Authors: Yue Gao, Yi-Ning Jiang, Rui Shi, Ying-Kun Guo, Hua-Yan Xu, Chen-Yan Min, Zhi-Gang Yang and Yuan Li
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:317
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is characterized by the abnormal deposition of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), which contributes to podocyte damage. Klotho, an aging suppressor that plays a critical r...

    Authors: Wei Jiang, Chun Gan, Xindi Zhou, Qing Yang, Dan Chen, Han Xiao, Lujun Dai, Yaxi Chen, Mo Wang, Haiping Yang and Qiu Li
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:293
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have higher insulin resistance and/or reduced secretion, an increased risk of future diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which may be due to a pathological activ...

    Authors: Dan Yedu Quansah, Antje Horsch, Leah Gilbert, Marc Y. Donath and Jardena J. Puder
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:291
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. Among patients with acute coronary syndrome and percutaneous coronary intervention, stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) is primarily associated with short-term unfavorable outcomes. However, the relationship betw...

    Authors: Jin Liu, Yang Zhou, Haozhang Huang, Rui Liu, Yu Kang, Tingting Zhu, Jielan Wu, Yuwei Gao, Yuqi Li, Chenyang Wang, Shiqun Chen, Nianjin Xie, Xueyan Zheng, Ruilin Meng, Yong Liu, Ning Tan…
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:281
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Evidence on the associations between baseline stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1 and clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients is lacking. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between...

    Authors: Shoujiang You, Hongyu Chen, Mengyuan Miao, Jigang Du, Bizhong Che, Tan Xu, Chun-Feng Liu, Yonghong Zhang, Jiang He, Xiaoyan Zhong, Yongjun Cao and Chongke Zhong
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:274
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. Previous studies have reported that inflammatory responses can promote the onset of cardiovascular diseases; however, its association with cardiac conduction disorders remains unclear. The present community-ba...

    Authors: Lili Wu, Meimei Wu, Dandan Zhao, Shuohua Chen, Guodong Wang, Lina Xu, Yujing Wang, Lina An, Shouling Wu, Congliang Miao and Jiang Hong
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:268
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Diabetes poses a significant threat to human health. There is a lack of large-scale cohort studies to explore the association between mortality risk and indicators beyond blood glucose monitoring in diabetic p...

    Authors: Fan Yang, Mingsi Wang, Yuzhu Chen, Jianjun Wu and Yilan Li
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:265
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. The global prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its association with increased morbidity and mortality has been rigorously studied. However, the true prevalence of “metabolic health”, i.e. individuals without ...

    Authors: Hadas Ben-Assayag, Rafael Y. Brzezinski, Shlomo Berliner, David Zeltser, Itzhak Shapira, Ori Rogowski, Sharon Toker, Roy Eldor and Shani Shenhar-Tsarfaty
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:226
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. High-sensitivity C-reaction protein (hsCRP), a biomarker of residual inflammatory risk, has been demonstrated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of hsCRP in patient...

    Authors: Le Li, Shangyu Liu, Zhuxin Zhang, Likun Zhou, Zhenhao Zhang, Yulong Xiong, Zhao Hu and Yan Yao
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:223
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. The accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is associated with cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relationship between the AGEs measured by an AGEs...

    Authors: Tomoya Hirai, Kazuhiro Fujiyoshi, Satoru Yamada, Takuya Matsumoto, Junko Kikuchi, Kohki Ishida, Miwa Ishida, Kyo Shigeta and Taiki Tojo
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:213
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. While a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) reduces HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), the associated high intake of fat may adversely affect cardiovascular risk factors. To address this, we examined the ef...

    Authors: Eva M. Gram-Kampmann, Thomas B. Olesen, Camilla D. Hansen, Mie B. Hugger, Jane M. Jensen, Aase Handberg, Henning Beck-Nielsen, Aleksander Krag, Michael H. Olsen and Kurt Højlund
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:212
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. Both elevated inflammation and atherogenic dyslipidemia are prominent in young-onset diabetes and are increasingly identified as biologically intertwined processes that contribute to diabetogenesis. We aimed t...

    Authors: Yulong Lan, Dan Wu, Zhiwei Cai, Yuancheng Xu, Xiong Ding, Weiqiang Wu, Shaocong Lan, Lan Chen, Zheng Guo, Lois Balmer, Xingang Li, Manshu Song, Shouling Wu, Jingli Gao, Wei Wang and Youren Chen
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:181
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. Higher chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 5 (CXCL5) level was observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients; however, its role in diabetic vasculopathy was not clarified. This study aimed to explore the impacts...

    Authors: Ching Chen, Liang-Yu Lin, Jaw-Wen Chen and Ting-Ting Chang
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:172
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:196

  34. SGTL2-inhibitors are a cornerstone in the treatment of heart failure, but data on patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is limited. The EMMY trial was the first to show a significant reduction in NTp...

    Authors: Martin Benedikt, Harald Mangge, Faisal Aziz, Pero Curcic, Sabine Pailer, Markus Herrmann, Ewald Kolesnik, Norbert J. Tripolt, Peter N. Pferschy, Markus Wallner, Andreas Zirlik, Harald Sourij and Dirk von Lewinski
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:166
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. This study aimed to investigate the impact of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels on the prognosis of Chinese patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and to explore if the impact may differ...

    Authors: Nan Li, Jinying Zhou, Runzhen Chen, Xiaoxiao Zhao, Jiannan Li, Peng Zhou, Chen Liu, Yi Chen, Ying Wang, Li Song, Shaodi Yan, Hanjun Zhao and Hongbing Yan
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:151
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is an important alternative metabolic biomarker of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, the correlation between the AIP and carotid atherosclerosis i...

    Authors: Qin Huang, Zeyu Liu, Minping Wei, Qing Huang, Jie Feng, Zunjing Liu and Jian Xia
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:125
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:246

  37. Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) density is a biomarker of vessel inflammation, which is supposed to be increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, whether the coronary inflammation ...

    Authors: Meng-Meng Yu, Xin Zhao, Yin-Yin Chen, Xin-Wei Tao, Jun-Bo Ge, Hang Jin and Meng-Su Zeng
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:121
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. Randomized controlled trials confirm that risks of residual cholesterol and residual inflammation remains in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) even after lipid-lowering therapy. This study aims to inv...

    Authors: Ling Yang, Qing Yue, Fang Fang, Yinggen Zhang, Peipei Liu, Zihao Zhang, Guodong Wang, Shuohua Chen, Shouling Wu and Xiuhong Yang
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:96
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerosis are multifactorial conditions and share a common inflammatory basis. Three-vessel disease (TVD) represents a major challenge for coronary intervention. Nonetheless, t...

    Authors: Lei Guo, Haichen Lv, Junjie Wang, Bo Zhang, Yifan Zhu, Xiaoyan Zhang, Hao Zhu, Xuchen Zhou and Yunlong Xia
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:91
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. Obesity is linked to cardiometabolic diseases, however non-obese individuals are also at risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). White adipose tissue (WAT) is known to play a role in b...

    Authors: Narmadha Subramanian, Kaisa Hofwimmer, Beatriz Tavira, Lucas Massier, Daniel P Andersson, Peter Arner and Jurga Laurencikiene
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:84
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:229

  41. Diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 is an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). Surgical ablation or "maze procedure" is an option for patients with AF undergoing concomitant or isolated cardiac surg...

    Authors: Alexander Kogan, Avishay Grupper, Avi Sabbag, Eilon Ram, Tamer Jamal, Eyal Nof, Enrique Z. Fisman, Shany Levin, Roy Beinart, Jonathan Frogel, Ehud Raanani and Leonid Sternik
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:77
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:116

  42. Diabetes mellitus is one of the prime risk factors for cardiovascular complications and is linked with high morbidity and mortality. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) often manifests as reduced cardiac contractili...

    Authors: Santosh K Sanganalmath, Shubham Dubey, Sudhakar Veeranki, Keerthy Narisetty and Prasanna Krishnamurthy
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023 22:37
    Content type: Review Published on: