Germ cells are highly specialized cells with the unique ability of forming a new organism. This critical cell lineage is established very early on post-fertilization through the inhibition of somatic differentiation programs. This process needs to be tightly regulated as the germ cells migrate through somatic cells in the early embryo to reach the gonads, where gametogenesis occurs. Both the processes of spermatogenesis and oogenesis are carefully controlled, and germ cells undergo meiosis and significant changes in various organelles and the cytoplasm to become viable gametes. All steps from establishing the germ cell lineage to gametogenesis and eventual fertilization are tightly controlled, and errors can have serious implications for fertility, human diseases, and agriculture.
In recognition of the importance of this topic, BMC Molecular and Cell Biology called for submissions on all aspects of gametogenesis, germs cells and fertilization. We welcomed studies focused on these cell biology processes in humans, animals (including agricultural animals) and plants as well as model organisms used to understand gametes and gametogenesis. Topics included but were not limited to the following:
- Specification, migration, and proliferation of primordial germ cells
- Mechanisms of transcriptional repression of somatic differentiation in germ cells in early embryogenesis
- Understanding the role of epigenetic modifications and chromatin-based repression in maintaining the germ cell lineage
- The role of the stem-cell niche microenvironment in regulating gametogenesis
- Meiosis of spermatocytes
- Cell signaling pathways regulating gametogenesis
- Changes in histone proteins and nuclear organization during spermatogenesis
- Spermiogenesis (e.g., histone replacement by protamine, nuclear shaping, acrosome formation, and flagella development)
- Understanding spermatozoa motility
- Preservation of sperm samples for animal husbandry
- Cytoplasmic compartmentalization in the oocyte
- Molecular regulation of follicle development, meiosis arrest and recovery
- In vitro fertilization techniques
- Mechanisms underlying fertilization of sperm and egg
- Understanding infertility, including azoospermia, oligospermia, asthenospermia, teratospermia, premature ovarian failure, polycystic ovary syndrome, and failure of fertilization
Image credit: Nishinaga Susumu / Science Photo Library