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Call for papers – Frailty in primary care

With the number of older persons projected to double to 1.5 billion individuals by the year 2050, population aging has become a burgeoning global phenomenon. With frailty demanding further understanding of its epidemiological characteristics and course, advancements in frailty research are imperative for better understanding of how to diagnose, reduce and mediate the drastic impact frailty has on aging populations. Frailty is an increasingly important concept within both clinical practice and research, being linked to a more than 2 times increase in the risk of adverse outcomes such as mortality, hospitalization, functional disability, and falls.

Within this collection at BMC Geriatrics we are interested in attracting both clinical and experimental studies focused on, but not strictly limited to the following:

Epidemiology and Measurement

  • Early life risk factors of frailty
  • Characterization of trajectory of frailty development or transitions between frailty states and their implications in clinical care including end-of-life care
  • Covid19, other common infections and frailty
  • Neuropsychiatric diseases and frailty
  • Measurement of pre-frailty
  • Cognitive impairment, frailty, and their unique and/or intersecting pathophysiology
  • Frailty and other geriatric syndromes (e.g., Falls, cognitive impairment) and their unique and/or intersecting pathophysiology

Frailty biology

  • Novel biomarkers of pre-frailty and frailty, particularly related to cellular senescence, intercellular communication, and mitochondrial dysfunction
  • Characterization, quantification, and validation of multisystem dysregulations at the cellular, molecular, and/or physiological levels and their relationships with frailty
  • Life-course studies of frailty using animal models

Frailty and Clinical Care

  • Frailty in sub-specialties  (e.g., surgery, HIV, nephrology)
  • Frailty and comorbidity: distinguishing frailty and disease-specific pathology and its severity
  • Innovative community or clinical trials of interventions either targeting frailty and related biology or improving clinical care of pre-frail and frail older adults (including trial protocols)
  • Cost-benefit analysis of frailty interventions
  • Frailty and end-of-life care

Interdisciplinary topics

  • Frailty and technology (e.g., bioengineering, sensor technology)
  • Frailty and ethics

Systematic and scoping reviews and meta-analysis within each area listed above. 

Articles will undergo the journal’s standard peer-review process overseen by our Guest Editors:

Prof. Ivan Aprahamian and Dr. Qian-Li Xue


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  1. The association between sleep duration and frailty remains unconclusive since most of the studies have been cross-sectional. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the association between sleep duration, sleep...

    Authors: Karla Moreno-Tamayo, Betty Manrique-Espinoza, Evangelina Morales-Carmona and Aarón Salinas-Rodríguez
    Citation: BMC Geriatrics 2021 21:368
  2. The Clinical Frailty Scale, which provides a common language about frailty, was recently updated to version 2.0 to cater for its increased use in areas of medicine usually involved in the care and treatment of...

    Authors: Anders Fournaise, Søren Kabell Nissen, Jørgen T. Lauridsen, Jesper Ryg, Christian H. Nickel, Claire Gudex, Mikkel Brabrand, Lone Musaeus Poulsen and Karen Andersen-Ranberg
    Citation: BMC Geriatrics 2021 21:269
  3. Rehabilitation interventions are frequently cited as key in supporting frail older people’s recovery following periods of decompensation and acute ill-health. Clinicians are required to make decisions about a ...

    Authors: A. Cowley, S. E. Goldberg, A. L. Gordon, M. Kerr and P. Logan
    Citation: BMC Geriatrics 2021 21:165