Editorial Board

Journal Editor
Tatum Cummins, PhD, MSc, BSc, BA, Springer Nature, UK
Tatum has a BSc in Biological Sciences from Birkbeck College, University of London, and an MSc in Neuroscience from King’s College London where she specialised in Psychiatric Genetics. She went on to complete a PhD in Neuroscience at King’s College London under the supervision of the late Sherrington Professor of Physiology at the Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Prof. Stephen B. McMahon. Tatum’s PhD was focussed on investigating pain mechanisms in humans using psychophysics to elucidate how pain perception may be modulated by internal and external factors in health and disease. During her PhD, Tatum developed and validated a conditioned pain modulation protocol to estimate individual capacity for endogenous analgesia. Prior to starting her MSc, Tatum worked as the Editorial Administrator for the British Journal of Cancer and now joins the BMC Series as Journal Editor. Tatum is passionate about research integrity and publication ethics. Tatum is based in the London office.


Assistant Editors
Rasika Lele, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India
Aboli Mhetre, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India

Manuscript Editors
Harshal Dhondge, PhD, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India
Nikhil Ghate, PhD, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India
Akshay Ravindra Joshi, PhD, MPhil, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India
Rajasree K P, PhD, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India
Raunaq Singh Nagi, PhD, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India
Noohi Nasim, PhD, Springer Nature, India
Vaishnavi Nimbalkar, MSc, Springer Nature, India
Pranitha Pandit, PhD, MPhil, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India
Priya Sharma, PhD, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India
Varsha Shetty, PhD, Springer Nature, India
Neha Tiwari, PhD, M.Tech, B.Tech, Springer Nature, India
Pratibha Verma, PhD, MSc, BSc, Springer Nature, India

Senior Editorial Board Members
Maurizio Acampa, PhD, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Siena, Italy
Harry Alexopoulos, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
Anna Bersano, PhD, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
Jens Schmidt, MD, University of Gottingen, Germany
Vera Spatenkova, PhD, Regional Hospital Liberec, Czech Republic
Wen-Jun Tu, PhD, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China

Editorial Board Members
Wilson Farid Abdo, MD, PhD, Radboud University Medical Center, Netherlands
Edoardo Nicolò Aiello, PhD, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Italy
Mohammad Aladawi, MD, University of Nebraska Medical Center , USA
Jane Alty, MB BChir FRCP FRACP MD, University of Tasmania, Australia
Nada Andelic, PhD, Oslo University Hospital/University of Oslo, Norway
Elena Anghileri, MD, PhD, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Italy
Pasquale Annunziata, MD, University of Siena, Italy
Shigeki Arawaka, MD, Osaka Medical College, Japan
Maryam Ardalan, MD, PhD, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
Sait Ashina, MD, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA
Ganesh Babulal, BA, MOT, MSCI, OTD, PhD, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
Paolo De Blasiis, Assistant Professor, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
Piero Barbanti, MD, PhD, University-IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Italy
Mainak Bardhan, MD, Indian Council of Medical Research, India
Panagiotis Bargiotas, University of Cyprus, Cyprus
Jules Becher, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Alberto Benussi, MD, University of Brescia, Italy
Niels Bergsland, PhD, State University of New York at Buffalo, USA
Sonu Menachem Maimonides Bhaskar, MD, PhD, FANA, Liverpool Hospital, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research and NSW Brain Clot Bank, Australia
Kevin Bieniek, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, USA
Lucia Billeci, PhD, National Research Council of Italy, Italy
Ivan Bodis-Wollner, State University of NY, Downstate Med Center, USA
Pedro Braga-Neto, PhD, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil
Adomas Bunevicius, MD, PhD, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania
Millene Camilo, PhD, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
Laura Canafoglia, Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Italy
Mariagiovanna Cantone, MD, PhD, Neurology Unit, University Hospital Policlinico “G. Rodolico-San Marco”, Italy
Ilaria Casetta, MD, University of Ferrara, Italy
Pedro Castro, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Portugal
Biswaroop Chakrabarty, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
Vishal Chavda, Stanford University Medical Center, USA
Yang-Kun Chen, PhD, Dongguan People’s Hospital, China
Tai-Heng Chen, MD, PhD, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
Clara Grazia Chisari, MD, University of Catania, Italy
Sirio Cocozza, MD, PhD, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
Cristoforo Comi, MD, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy
Israel Contador, PhD, University of Salamanca, Spain
Gianluca Coppola, PhD, G.B. Bietti Foundation – IRCCS, Italy
Carlos Cruchaga, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
Emanuele D'Amico, MD, University of Foggia, Italy
Valentina Damato, PhD, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florence, Italy
Mamede de Carvalho, MD, PhD, University of Lisbon, Portugal
Martin B. Delatycki, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Australia
Jean-Francois Desaphy, PhD, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
Grazia Devigili, Foundation of the Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Italy
Mahmoud Dibas, MD, Sulaiman Alrajhi University, Saudi Arabia
Houwei Du, PhD, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, China
Raffaele Dubbioso, MD, PhD, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
Simon Edvardson, Pediatric Hadassah University Hospital, Mount Scopus, Israel
Tommaso Ercoli, MD, PhD, University of Cagliari, Italy
Lorenzo Falsetti, PhD, Hospital-University “Ospedali Riuniti”, Ancona, Italy
Giuseppe Fenu, University of Cagliari, Italy
Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, MD, MPH, MSc, PhD, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Canada
Ana Catarina Fonseca, PhD, Hospital de Santa Maria, Portugal
Shinsuke Fujioka, Fukuoka University, Japan
Alberto Gajofatto, MD, University of Verona, Italy
Tarun Girotra, University of New Mexico, USA
Michael Gold, AbbVie, USA
Francisco Gondim, MD, MSc, PhD, Habil FAAN, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Brazil
Konstantinos Gousias, St Marien Academic Hospital Lünen, University of Münster, Germany
Franco Granella, MD, University of Parma, Italy
Christoph Gumbinger, Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
Samson Gwer, PhD, Kenyatta University, Kenya
Jinming Han, MD, PhD, Capital Medical University, China
Nourelhoda Haridy, MD, Assiut University, Egypt
Dian He, MD, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, China
Marco Hermesdorf, Dr rer medic, University of Münster, Germany
Poyin Huang, MD, PhD, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
Ying-Zu Huang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
Marta Iacobucci, PhD, University Hospital "Umberto I", La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
Ismail Ibrahim Ismail, Ibn Sina Hospital, Kuwait
Michael James, Duke University, USA
Niklas Joisten, PhD, TU Dortmund University, Germany
Jin-Sun Jun, MD, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, South Korea
Dinesh Jillella, MD, Emory University , USA
Theodosis Kalamatianos, PhD, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
Koji Kamagata, Juntendo University, Japan
Hyun Goo Kang, MD, PhD​​​​​​​, Chonbuk National University, South Korea
Chafic Karam, Oregon Health & Science University, USA
Kensaku Kasuga, MD, PhD, Niigata University, Japan
Nahid Khan, PhD, University of Helsinki, Finland
Jeong-Min Kim, MD, PhD, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea
YoungSoo Kim, Yonsei University, South Korea
Masako Kinoshita, MD, PhD, Utano National Hospital, Japan
Ingo Kleiter, MD, Marianne-Strauss-Klinik, Germany
Subhas Konar, MCh, NIMHANS, India
Janika Kõrv, MD, PhD, University of Tartu, Estonia
Kyum-Yil Kwon, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Korea
Giuseppe Lanza, MD, PhD, University of Catania, Italy
Roberta Lanzillo, Federico II University, Italy
Meng Lee, Chang Gung University and Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
Helmar Lehmann, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany
Cristian Leyton, The University of Sydney, Australia
Linxin Li, Wolfson Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, UK
Hongjun Li, Capital Medical University, China
Agenor Limon, PhD, University of Texas Medical Branch, USA
Shiyong Liu, MD​​​​​​​, PhD, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, China
Antonina Luca, University of Catania, Department "GF Ingrassia", Italy
Alessandra Lugaresi, MD, PhD, University of Bologna, Italy
Jordi Matias-Guiu, PhD, MD, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Spain
Giovanni Merlino, MD​​​​​​​, PhD, Udine University Hospital, Italy
Nicola Montano, MD, PhD, Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery Section, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar, University of Cartagena, Columbia
Lorenzo Muccioli, MD, University of Bologna, Italy
Tatsushi Mutoh, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels-AKITA, Japan
Angelina Kakooza Mwesige, PhD, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Uganda
Fardin Nabizadeh, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Elanagan Nagarajan, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, USA
Thomas Nathaniel, University of South Carolina, USA
Gaurav Nepal, Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Nepal
David Niddam, PhD, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
Hipólito Nzwalo, MD, PhD, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Algarve, Portugal
Kenjiro Ono, MD, PhD, Showa University, Japan
Mayowa Owolabi, DSc, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Leonidas Panos, MD (Res), University of Bern, Switzerland
Maria Paraskevaidi, Imperial College London, UK
Jin Sung Park, PhD, Seoul National University, South Korea
Pritikanta Paul, MD, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
Mangor Pedersen, PhD, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
Umberto Pensato, MD, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Italy
Santiago Perez-Lloret, MD, PhD, National Research Council of Argentina, Argentina
Francisco Carlos Pérez-Miralles, PhD, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, Spain
Maria Petracca, MD, PhD, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
Marina Picillo, MD, University of Salerno, Italy
Bogdan Pintea, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil Bochum, Germany
Valentina Pinzi, MD, PhD, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Italy
Janaine Polese, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Brazil
Jesus Poza, University of Valladolid, Spain
Carlo Pozzilli, PhD, Sapienza University, Italy
Mario Prado, MD, University of the Philippines College of Medicine, Philippines
Dirk Rades, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Luebeck, Germany
Divya Radhakrishnan, MBBS, MD (Medicine), DM (Neurology), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India 
Bianca Raffaelli, MD, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
Paolo Ragonese, University of Palermo, Italy
Jens Reimann, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Germany
Fabiano Reis, PhD, State University of Campinas, Brazil
Richard Rison, MD, Neurology Consultants Medical Group, USA
Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez, PhD, National Center of Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain
Thorsten Rudroff, University of Iowa, USA
Nicholas Ryan, PhD, Deakin University, Australia
Kazumasa Saigoh, MD, PhD, Kindai University Hospital, Japan
Seyed Aidin Sajedi, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Alessandro Salvalaggio, MD, PhD, Università degli Studi di Padova, Italy
Nobuo Sanjo, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
Claudia Santoro, PhD, Vanvitelli University of Campania, Italy
Sumit Sarkar, Ph.D., National Center for Toxicological Research/ US FDA, USA
Marco Savarese, PhD, Folkhalsan Research Center and University of Helsinki, Finland
Johannes Schlachetzki, MD, University of California, San Diego, USA
Renpei Sengoku, Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan
Vrutangkumar Shah, Oregon Health & Science University, USA
Anwen Shao, PhD, Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China
Yuan Shi, Chongqing Medical University Affiliate Children's Hospital, China
Hao Shu, PhD, Southeast University, China
Salvador Sierra San Nicolas, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
Paramdeep Singh, MD, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India
Artur Slomka, PhD, DSc, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
Mariana Spitz, PhD, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Sofia Straudi, PhD, Ferrara University, Italy
Yi Sui, Shenyang Medical College Affiliated Shenyang Brain Hospital, China
Keisuke Suzuki, MD, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
Tsubasa Takizawa, M.D. Ph.D., Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan
Min Chien Tu, Tzu Chi University, Taiwan
Lorenzo Ugga, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
Ilya V Ulasov, PhD​​​​​​​, DSc, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, USA
Massimiliano Valeriani, PhD, Ospedale Bambino Gesu, Italy
Alessandro Viganò, MD, PhD, IRCCS- Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, Italy
Alberto Vogrig, Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), France
Victor Volovici, MD, PhD, Erasmus MC, Netherlands
Yubo Wang, MD, The First Hospital of Jilin University, China
Shawn Westaway, PhD, Oregon Health & Science University, USA
Anne-Marie Wills, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA
Yohannes Woldeamanuel, MD, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA
Zhi-Ying Wu, PhD​​​​​​​, MD, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
Yun-Cheng Wu, Shanghai Jiatong University, China
Ning Xu, Nanjing University, China
Leonard Yeo, PhD, National University Health System, Singapore
Burak Yulug, Dr med, Istanbul-Medipol University, Turkey
Aurora Zanghì, MD, University of Foggia, Italy
Yiqiang Zhan, PhD, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
Jian Zhang, MD, PhD, First affiliated hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China
Yiming Zheng, MD, Peking University First Hospital, China
Chunlong Zhong, MD, PhD, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
Zhang-Yu Zou, PhD, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, China

Editorial Advisors
Ludmila Belayev, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, USA
Szabolcs Szatmari, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tirgu Mures, Romania