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Coronaviruses: emerging and re-emerging pathogens in humans and animals

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Edited by
Alan McLachlan, PhD, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
Leo Poon, PhD, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

This thematic series published in Virology Journal emphasizes advances and key discoveries in the animal origin, viral evolution, epidemiology, diagnostics and pathogenesis of different emerging and re-emerging coronaviruses.

We are proud to announce that "Coronaviruses: emerging and re-emerging pathogens in humans and animals" is currently open for submissions - please submit here.

Originally published in 2015 and addressing the serious outbreaks of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), this thematic series is now again timely due to the new SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for an outbreak of respiratory illness known as COVID-19, which has spread to several countries around the world.

The Editors of Virology Journal felt that it would be timely and appropriate to relaunch a new call for papers to be published in this thematic series.

This collection of articles has not been sponsored and articles have undergone the journal’s standard peer-review process. The Guest Editors declare no competing interests.

Submission instructions

Before submitting your manuscript, please ensure you have carefully read the submission guidelines for Virology Journal.

The complete manuscript should be submitted through the journal submission system.

To ensure that you submit to the correct thematic series please select this thematic series in the drop-down menu upon submission.


View all collections in Virology Journal.

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  1. The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a significant worldwide health emergency known as the COVID-19 pandemic. This crisis has been marked by the widespread of various variants, with certain ones causin...

    Authors: Nishad Sultana, S. N. Nagesha, C. N. Lakshminarayana Reddy, B. N. Ramesh, S. Shyamalamma, K. S. Shashidhara, K. M. Satish, C. Pradeep and G. D Vidyadhar
    Citation: Virology Journal 2024 21:88
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. PlMERS-CoV is a coronavirus known to cause severe disease in humans, taxonomically classified under the subgenus Merbecovirus. Recent findings showed that the close relatives of MERS-CoV infecting vespertillionid...

    Authors: Jarel Elgin Tolentino, Spyros Lytras, Jumpei Ito and Kei Sato
    Citation: Virology Journal 2024 21:84
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 are two major respiratory pathogens that cocirculate in humans and cause serious illness with the potential to exacerbate disease in the event of co-infection. To develop a bivalent va...

    Authors: Ekaterina Stepanova, Irina Isakova-Sivak, Daria Mezhenskaya, Sergei Niskanen, Victoria Matyushenko, Ekaterina Bazhenova, Alexandra Rak, Pei Fong Wong, Polina Prokopenko, Tatiana Kotomina, Elena Krutikova, Sergei Legotskiy, Bogdan Neterebskii, Tatiana Ostroukhova, Konstantin Sivak, Yana Orshanskaya…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2024 21:82
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. Besides the well-established efficacy in preventing severe COVID-19, the impact of early treatments, namely antivirals and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), on the time length to negativization of SARS-CoV-2 nasal...

    Authors: Marta Colaneri, Giovanni Scaglione, Federico Fassio, Lucia Galli, Alessia Lai, Annalisa Bergna, Arianna Gabrieli, Maciej Tarkowski, Carla Della Ventura, Valeria Colombo, Laura Cordier, Davide Bernasconi, Mario Corbellino, Gianfranco Dedivitiis, Silvia Borghetti, Debora Visigalli…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2024 21:68
    Content type: Brief Report Published on:

  5. Canine enteric coronavirus (CCV) and canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) are the main pathogens responsible for acute gastroenteritis in dogs, and both single and mixed infections are common. This study aimed to ...

    Authors: Laiqing Li, Cuicui Chen, Huankun Liang, Wenqi Dong, V. N. Leontiev and Igor Vitalievich Voytov
    Citation: Virology Journal 2024 21:64
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  7. The novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Data from the COVID-19 clinical control case studies showed tha...

    Authors: Nozethu Mjokane, Eric O. Akintemi, Saheed Sabiu, Onele M. N. Gcilitshana, Jacobus Albertyn, Carolina H. Pohl and Olihile M. Sebolai
    Citation: Virology Journal 2024 21:58
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. Several in silico studies have determined that quercetin, a plant flavonol, could bind with strong affinity and low free energy to SARS-CoV-2 proteins involved in viral entry and replication, suggesting it could ...

    Authors: Annie V. Roy, Michael Chan, Logan Banadyga, Shihua He, Wenjun Zhu, Michel Chrétien and Majambu Mbikay
    Citation: Virology Journal 2024 21:29
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. Infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza virus is still a major worldwide health concern. Plants are a good source of bioactive compounds to be used as preventive...

    Authors: Wipawee Nittayananta, Hatairat Lerdsamran, Nopporn Chutiwitoonchai, Aornrutai Promsong, Teerapol Srichana, Kesinee Netsomboon, Jarunee Prasertsopon and Jaruta Kerdto
    Citation: Virology Journal 2024 21:26
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Previous meta-analyses estimating the prevalence of the post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) were confounded by the lack of negative control groups. This may result in an overestimation of the prevalence of those exp...

    Authors: Ahmed Azzam, Heba Khaled, Neveen Refaey, Shorouk Mohsen, Ola Ali El-Emam, Nada Dawood, Hebatalla A. Ahmed, Omar A. Soliman, Sana Mostafa, Heba Ramadan, Maha Mosa, Amora Omar Ibrahim Elmowafy, Shimaa Mohamed Abdou Rizk, Ahmed Zaki, Mostafa Hussien, Ameer Ahmed…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2024 21:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is driven by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which has led to an enormous burden on patient morbidity and mortality. The...

    Authors: Christian M. Zobel, Hartmut Kuhn, Maximilian Schreiner, Werner Wenzel, Jasper Wendtland, Cengiz Goekeri, Lorenz Scheit, Klaas Oltmanns, Dominic Rauschning, Marica Grossegesse, Natalie Hofmann, Hubert Wirtz and Sebastian Spethmann
    Citation: Virology Journal 2024 21:15
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. In December 2022, Chongqing experienced a significant surge in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic after adjusting control measures in China. Given the widespread immunization of the population with t...

    Authors: Fangyuan Liu, Peng Deng, Jiuhong He, Xiaofeng Chen, Xinyu Jiang, Qi Yan, Jing Xu, Sihan Hu and Jin Yan
    Citation: Virology Journal 2024 21:13
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Only few studies have investigated the prevalence of feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection in domestic cats in Fujian, China. This is the first study to report the prevalence rate of FCoV infection in domestic c...

    Authors: Bo Dong, Xiaodong Zhang, Xiaowei Zhong, Wenqian Hu, Zhihui Lin, Shuo Zhang, Haiyan Deng and Weiming Lin
    Citation: Virology Journal 2024 21:2
    Content type: Brief Report Published on:

  15. Morbidity and mortality are higher in immunocompromised patients affected by COVID-19 than in the general population. Some authors have successfully used antiviral combination, but never in the early phase of ...

    Authors: Ivan Gentile, Maria Foggia, Maria Silvitelli, Alessia Sardanelli, Letizia Cattaneo and Giulio Viceconte
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:301
    Content type: Brief Report Published on:

  16. To assess SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence and titers in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) on antiretroviral treatment (ART) enrolled at a tertiary reference hospital in Mexico.

    Authors: Maribel Soto-Nava, Vanessa Dávila-Conn, Juan P. Venancio-Rocha, Pedro García-Esparza, Daniela Tapia-Trejo, Ramón Hernández-Juan, Eduardo Zarza-Sánchez, Akio Murakami-Ogasawara and Santiago Ávila-Ríos
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:300
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has challenged the effectiveness of current therapeutic regimens. Here, we aimed to develop a potent SARS-CoV-2 antibody w...

    Authors: Hae Li Ko, Deuk-ki Lee, Younghyeon Kim, Hui Jeong Jang, Youn Woo Lee, Ho-Young Lee, Sang-Hyuk Seok, Jun Won Park, Jin-Kyung Limb, Da In On, Jun-Won Yun, Kwang-Soo Lyoo, Daesub Song, Minjoo Yeom, Hanbyeul Lee, Je Kyung Seong…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:285
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. In a randomized trial, Lianhuaqingwen (LHQW) capsule was effective for accelerating symptom recovery among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the lack of blinding and limited sample si...

    Authors: Jin-ping Zheng, Yun Ling, Liang-shuang Jiang, Piroon Mootsikapun, Hong-zhou Lu, Methee Chayakulkeeree, Li-xiu Zhang, Pureepat Arttawejkul, Feng-yu Hu, Thi Ngoc Lan Truong, Roxan A. Perez, Xing Gu, Hui-min Sun, Jian-jie Jiang, Ren-jie Liu, Zhen Ding…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:277
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. The possibilities of cross-species transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) between humans and important livestock species are not yet known. Herein, we used the structural ...

    Authors: Ying Ma, Mengyue Lei, Hongli Chen, Pu Huang, Jing Sun, Qiangming Sun, Yunzhang Hu and Jiandong Shi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:276
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. This study investigates the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor and outdoor environments in two cities in Norway between April and May 2022. With the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in the country and a focus on...

    Authors: Priscilla Gomes da Silva, Mahima Hemnani, José Gonçalves, Elisa Rodriguéz, Pedro A. García-Encina, Maria São José Nascimento, Sofia I. V. Sousa, Mette Myrmel and João R. Mesquita
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:275
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. Omicron's high transmissibility and variability present new difficulties for COVID-19 vaccination prevention and therapy. In this article, we analyzed the sensitivity of vaccine-induced antibodies as well as t...

    Authors: Huichun Shi, Jiajia Sun, Yigang Zeng, Xiaomeng Wang, Shanshan Liu, Lijun Zhang and Enming Shao
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:266
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. It is now understood that the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its associated containment measures have influenced the epidemiology of other respiratory viruses. This study aimed to characteriz...

    Authors: Ruoya Wu, Jianwei Zhang and Liyan Mo
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:253
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. Respiratory viruses, particularly adenoviruses (ADV), influenza A virus (e.g., H1N1), and coronaviruses (e.g., HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2) pose a global public health problem. Therefore, developing natural wide-...

    Authors: Ghada E. Hegazy, Marwa M. Abu-Serie, Nadia A. Soliman, Mohamed Teleb and Yasser R. Abdel-Fattah
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:249
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised hosts is thought to contribute to viral evolution by facilitating long-term natural selection and viral recombination in cases of viral co-infection or supe...

    Authors: Arghavan Alisoltani, Lacy M. Simons, Maria Francesca Reyes Agnes, Taylor A. Heald-Sargent, William J. Muller, Larry K. Kociolek, Judd F. Hultquist, Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo and Egon A. Ozer
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:246
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. SARS-CoV-2 has evolved several strategies to overcome host cell defenses by inducing cell injury to favour its replication. Many viruses have been reported to modulate the intracellular redox balance, affectin...

    Authors: Marta De Angelis, Gabriele Anichini, Anna Teresa Palamara, Lucia Nencioni and Gianni Gori Savellini
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:239
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Interest in complications and sequelae following Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is increasing. Several articles have reported COVID-19-associated autoimmune diseases and the association between autoantibo...

    Authors: Se Ju Lee, Taejun Yoon, Jang Woo Ha, Jinnam Kim, Ki Hyun Lee, Jung Ah Lee, Chang Hyup Kim, Sang-Won Lee, Jung Ho Kim, Jin Young Ahn, Nam Su Ku, Jun Yong Choi, Joon-Sup Yeom and Su Jin Jeong
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:236
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Despite the extensive vaccination campaigns in many countries, COVID-19 is still a major worldwide health problem because of its associated morbidity and mortality. Therefore, finding efficient treatments as f...

    Authors: Carlos Loucera, Rosario Carmona, Marina Esteban-Medina, Gerrit Bostelmann, Dolores Muñoyerro-Muñiz, Román Villegas, María Peña-Chilet and Joaquín Dopazo
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:226
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. There are many studies on the relationship between vitamin D and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), while the results are matters of debate and the mechanisms remain unknown. The present study was performed ...

    Authors: Yali Qiu, Wuping Bao, Xue Tian, Yingying Zhang, Yilin Pan, Guogang Xie, Aihua Bao, Dongning Yin, Min Zhang and Yan Zhou
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:212
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. The coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak has hit Beijing since mid-Nov, 2022, with soaring growth of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among children. Therefore, it is vital to determin...

    Authors: Lei Yu, Congying Wang, Xiaoyun Li, Xinning Wang, Yingying Kang, Xiaomei Ma, Rui Sun, Yu Sun, Runan Zhu, Liping Jia, Yao Yao, Xiaohui Li, Daitao Zhang, Yang Pan, Bing Lv, Jing Yuan…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:209
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. To understand the mechanism underlying the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in a population, we sequenced 92 viral genomes from Assam, India. Analysis of these and database sequences revealed a complete selective sweep...

    Authors: Maloyjo Joyraj Bhattacharjee, Anupam Bhattacharya, Bhaswati Kashyap, Manash Jyoti Taw, Wen-Hsiung Li, Ashis K. Mukherjee and Mojibur Rohman Khan
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:201
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. The possibilities of cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) between humans and poultry species are unknown. The analysis of the structure of receptor was used to investigate the po...

    Authors: Mengyue Lei, Ying Ma, Hongli Chen, Pu Huang, Jing Sun, Xu Wang, Qiangming Sun, Yunzhang Hu and Jiandong Shi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:196
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. The emergence of COVID-19 and the implementation of preventive measures and behavioral changes have led to a significant decrease in the prevalence of other respiratory viruses. However, the manner in which se...

    Authors: De Chang, Mingui Lin, Ning Song, Zhantao Zhu, Jing Gao, Shujun Li, Hongmei Liu, DeZhi Liu, Yu Zhang, Wenkui Sun, Xuan Zhou, Bin Yang, Yongjun Li, Lili Wang, Zhiqing Xiao, Kailong Li…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:189
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of natural and breakthrough infection and related symptoms of Covid-19 amongst Iranian healthcare workers (HCWs) who were vaccinated by different non-mRNA-based ...

    Authors: Marzieh Jamalidoust, Owrang Eilami, Zahra Ashkan, Mazyar Ziyaeyan, Nasrin Aliabadi and Mohammad Habibi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:182
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for the recent pandemic all over the world, which has caused many complications. One of the hallmarks of SARS-CoV-2 infection is an induced immune dysregulation, in some cases r...

    Authors: Reyhaneh Rasizadeh, Parisa Shiri Aghbash, Javid Sadri Nahand, Taher Entezari-Maleki and Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:179
    Content type: Review Published on:

  35. SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic betacoronavirus that was first reported at the dawn of 2019 in Wuhan, China and has since spread globally, causing an ongoing pandemic. Anthroponotic transmission was reported early, w...

    Authors: Cheng Siang Tan, Davies Belayong Bandak, Sultana Parvin Habeebur-Rahman, Lee Tung Tan and Li Li Andrea Lim
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:176
    Content type: Brief Report Published on:

  36. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-o...

    Authors: Jiayu Li, Kegong Zhang, ye Zhang, Ziyang Gu and Changxing Huang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:169
    Content type: Review Published on:

  37. Since SARS-CoV-2 was first reported in late 2019, multiple variations of the original virus have emerged. Each variant harbors accumulations of mutations, particularly within the spike glycoprotein, that are a...

    Authors: Saina Beitari, Diana Duque, Jegarubee Bavananthasivam, Melissa Hewitt, Jagdeep K. Sandhu, Ita Hadžisejdić and Anh Tran
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:167
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. SARS-CoV-2 infection leading to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused more than 762 million infections worldwide, with 10–30% of patients suffering from post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infections (P...

    Authors: Chumeng Wang, Akshara Ramasamy, Monica Verduzco-Gutierrez, W. Michael Brode and Esther Melamed
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:124
    Content type: Review Published on:

  40. Science is digging for the varied presentation of COVID-19 patients exposed to the same risk factors, and medical conditions may be influenced by the presence of polymorphic genetic variants. This study invest...

    Authors: Santosh Kumar Sidhwani, Talat Mirza, Ambrina Khatoon, Fouzia Shaikh, Rizma Khan, Omer Ahmed Shaikh and Abdulqadir J. Nashwan
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:120
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. The pathogenicity and virulence of the Omicron strain have weakened significantly pathogenesis of Omicron variants. Accumulating data indicated accessory proteins play crucial roles in host immune evasion and ...

    Authors: Zhizhong Tang, Pei Yu, Qianfang Guo, Mingxiao Chen, Yu Lei, Lei Zhou, Weikang Mai, Lu Chen, Min Deng, Weiya Kong, Chuanying Niu, Xiaoli Xiong, Wenrui Li, Chunbo Chen, Changchun Lai, Qian Wang…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:106
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a worldwide pandemic challenge spreading enormously within a few months. COVID-19 is characterized by the over-activation of the immune system causing cytokine storm. Ins...

    Authors: Amal A. Mohamed, Aya A. Nour, Noha M. Mosbah, Alaa S. M. Wahba, Omnia E. Esmail, Basem Eysa, Ahmed Heiba, Hussin H. Samir, Ahmed A. El-Kassas, Ahmed S. Adroase, Ahmed Y. Elamir, Ghada M. Mahmoud, Rasha S. Rafaat, Hatem A. Hassan and Yasmine S. El Abd
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:94
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. Increased systematic pro-inflammatory cytokines is the main cause of the inflammatory conditions of the hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected patients. In this proj...

    Authors: Omidreza Sarrafi, Ashraf Kariminik and Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:88
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. The World Health Organization (WHO) has currently detected five Variants of Concern of SARS-CoV-2 having the WHO labels of ‘Alpha’, ‘Beta’, ‘Gamma’, ‘Delta’ and ‘Omicron’. We aimed to assess and compare the tr...

    Authors: S. S. Manathunga, I. A. Abeyagunawardena and S. D. Dharmaratne
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:59
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of ten (10) SARS-CoV-2 serological rapid diagnostic tests in comparison with the WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 Ab ELISA test in a laboratory setting.

    Authors: Henri Gautier Ouedraogo, Abdou Azaque Zoure, Tegwinde Rebeca Compaoré, Herve Ky, Sylvie Zida, Dezemon Zingué, Oumarou Ouedraogo, Serge Théophile Soubeiga, Tani Sagna, Charlemagne Dabiré, Dinanibè Kambiré, Dramane Zongo, Albert Théophane Yonli, Abdoul Rahamani Nikiema, Désiré Nezien, Gnintassa Cyrille Bansé…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:57
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. One year after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the focus of attention has shifted to the emergence and spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of conce...

    Authors: Jean-Robert Makulo, Roger Wumba, Madone Ndona Mandina, Placide Mbala, Adrienne Amuri Aziza, Yannick Mayamba Nlandu, Benjanmin Kabwe, Donatien Mangala, Ben Izizag Bepouka, Jerome Ossam Odio, Murielle Longokolo, Eric Mukenge, Guyguy Kamwiziku, Eddy Lusamaki Kingand, Constantin Bashengezi, Gilbert Kabanda…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:56
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. When viruses like SARS-CoV-2 infect cells, they reprogram the repertoire of cellular and viral transcripts that are being translated to optimize their strategy of replication, often targeting host translation ...

    Authors: Nadejda Korneeva, Md Imtiaz Khalil, Ishita Ghosh, Ruping Fan, Thomas Arnold and Arrigo De Benedetti
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:55
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Since December 2019, various types of strategies have been applied due to the emergent need to investigate the biology and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to discov...

    Authors: Mohadese Hashem Boroojerdi, Tariq Al Jabry, Seyed Mohamad Javad Mirarefin and Halima Albalushi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:37
    Content type: Review Published on:

  49. Variation of the betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has been the bane of COVID-19 control. Documented variation includes point mutations, deletions, insertions, and recombination among closely or distantly related cor...

    Authors: Roberto Patarca and William A. Haseltine
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:36
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. Since the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, bioinformatic analyses have been performed to understand the nucleotide and synonymous codon usage features and mutational patterns of the virus. However, comparativ...

    Authors: Sarah E. Fumagalli, Nigam H. Padhiar, Douglas Meyer, Upendra Katneni, Haim Bar, Michael DiCuccio, Anton A. Komar and Chava Kimchi-Sarfaty
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:31
    Content type: Research Published on: