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Using lithium as a neuroprotective agent in patients with cancer
Mustafa Khasraw, David Ashley, Greg Wheeler, Michael Berk BMC Medicine 2012, 10:131 (2 November 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Mustafa Khasraw and colleagues review the toxic effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and explore recent evidence which indicates lithium can be used to protect against the neurocognitive decline in cancer patients receiving cranial radiation.
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How evidence-based is an 'evidence-based parenting program'? A PRISMA systematic review and meta-analysis of Triple P
Philip Wilson, Robert Rush, Susan Hussey, Christine Puckering, Fiona Sim, Clare S Allely, Paul Doku, Alex McConnachie, Christopher Gillberg BMC Medicine 2012, 10:130 (2 November 2012)
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Editor’s summary
A systematic review and meta-analysis on the outcomes of the Triple P positive parenting programme, indicates long-term effectiveness has not been adequately assessed, and highlights a thorough review of the system is needed before further implementation of the programme is approved.
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Perinatal nicotine exposure induces asthma in second generation offspring
Virender K Rehan, Jie Liu, Erum Naeem, Jia Tian, Reiko Sakurai, Kenny Kwong, Omid Akbari, John S Torday BMC Medicine 2012, 10:129 (30 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Smoking during pregnancy induces asthma in offspring, and the effects are permanently transmitted to subsequent generations via epigenetic changes in germ cells, providing a breakthrough in studying transgenerational effects of toxins.
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Prevalence and incidence density rates of chronic comorbidity in type 2 diabetes patients: an exploratory cohort study
Hilde Luijks, Tjard Schermer, Hans Bor, Chris van Weel, Toine Lagro-Janssen, Marion Biermans, Wim de Grauw BMC Medicine 2012, 10:128 (29 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Comorbidities such as cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and mental diseases are common among those suffering from type 2 diabetes and could interfere with disease management, so diabetes guidelines should take these comorbidities into account.
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Preclinical Alzheimer disease: identification of cases at risk among cognitively intact older individuals
Maciej J Lazarczyk, Patrick R Hof, Constantin Bouras, Panteleimon Giannakopoulos BMC Medicine 2012, 10:127 (25 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Giannakopoulos and colleagues review the latest advances in biomarker discovery for diagnosis of preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD), but caution against an assumption of AD development, as some subjects who test positive for the biomarkers may never go on to develop AD-related dementia.
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Health surveillance of deployed military personnel occasionally leads to unexpected findings
Alexander C McFarlane BMC Medicine 2012, 10:126 (24 October 2012)
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Alexander McFarlane discusses the need for military personnel with serious medical illness to receive equal psychiatric monitoring as those who suffer from combat injuries, as a recent study shows that both groups have a similar risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder.
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Correlation analyses of clinical and molecular findings identify candidate biological pathways in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Xuefeng B Ling, Claudia Macaubas, Heather C Alexander, Qiaojun Wen, Edward Chen, Sihua Peng, Yue Sun, Chetan Deshpande, Kuang-Hung Pan, Richard Lin, Chih-Jian Lih, Sheng-Yung P Chang, Tzielan Lee, Christy Sandborg, Ann B Begovich, Stanley N Cohen, Elizabeth D Mellins BMC Medicine 2012, 10:125 (23 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Genes related to inflammation are differentially expressed in systemic and polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis, suggesting that distinct immunobiology underlies their clinical phenotypes, which may aid in finding disease-tailored therapy.
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Anatomy of open access publishing: a study of longitudinal development and internal structure
Mikael Laakso, Bo-Christer Björk BMC Medicine 2012, 10:124 (22 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
The landscape of scientific publishing has changed during the last decade due to steady growth of open access (OA) journals, as the volume of scientific articles published between 2000-2011 in full immediate OA journals has grown rapidly in relative annual share of published journal articles.
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Cigarette smoking, nicotine dependence and anxiety disorders: a systematic review of population-based, epidemiological studies
Steven Moylan, Felice N Jacka, Julie A Pasco, Michael Berk BMC Medicine 2012, 10:123 (19 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
A systematic review shows that smoking and nicotine dependence increase an individual?s risk of panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, but inconsistent evidence exists on whether increased anxiety is associated with these behaviors.
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Autophagy in periodontitis patients and gingival fibroblasts: unraveling the link between chronic diseases and inflammation
Pedro Bullon, Mario Cordero, José Quiles, Maria Ramirez-Tortosa, Adrian Gonzalez-Alonso, Simona Alfonsi, Rocio García-Marín, Manuel de Miguel, Maurizio Battino BMC Medicine 2012, 10:122 (17 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Patients with periodontitis exhibit reactive oxidation species mediated autophagy, suggesting that autophagy may play a key role in the progression of inflammatory diseases.
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Making mobility-related disability better: a complex response to a complex problem
Kenneth Rockwood BMC Medicine 2012, 10:121 (15 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Mobility-related disability in frail older people has been found to be reduced in a recent clinical trial; Kenneth Rockwood comments on understanding the complex needs of these individuals to provide effective treatment and a better quality of life.
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Effect of a multifactorial interdisciplinary intervention on mobility-related disability in frail older people: randomised controlled trial
Nicola Fairhall, Catherine Sherrington, Susan E Kurrle, Stephen R Lord, Keri Lockwood, Ian D Cameron BMC Medicine 2012, 10:120 (15 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Frail elderly participants on a 12-month multifactorial interdisciplinary program experience reduced mobility-related disability at both the participation and activity levels, and can therefore be more independent than those who receive only usual care.
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Dietary iron intake, body iron stores, and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Wei Bao, Ying Rong, Shuang Rong, Liegang Liu BMC Medicine 2012, 10:119 (10 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
A systematic review and meta-analysis finds increased body iron stores and higher heme iron intake are linked to a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, while non-heme iron intake is not, suggesting that caution needs to be applied in the type and amount of iron supplementation.
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Toward unbiased assessment of treatment and prevention: modeling household transmission of pandemic influenza
Gerardo Chowell, Hiroshi Nishiura BMC Medicine 2012, 10:118 (9 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Accounting for high household variability in a new mathematical model better predicts influenza spread; Gerardo Chowell and Hiroshi Nishiura discuss how unbiased modeling can lead to improved design and delivery of the interventions needed to control an outbreak.
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Estimation of outbreak severity and transmissibility: Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in households
Thomas House, Nadia Inglis, Joshua V Ross, Fay Wilson, Shakeel Suleman, Obaghe Edeghere, Gillian Smith, Babatunde Olowokure, Matt J Keeling BMC Medicine 2012, 10:117 (9 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
A new mathematical model to estimate influenza spread accounts for high variability in outcomes by assessing differences in household size and transmissibility rates, therefore providing more comprehensive information to public health policy makers.
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Personalized medicine in multiple sclerosis: hope or reality?
Tobias Derfuss BMC Medicine 2012, 10:116 (4 October 2012)
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Tobias Derfuss reviews the progress made in biomarker discovery for multiple sclerosis and discusses how this can help develop a more personalized approach towards treatment of this highly heterogeneous disease.
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ICU-acquired weakness: what is preventing its rehabilitation in critically ill patients?
Christie M Lee, Eddy Fan BMC Medicine 2012, 10:115 (3 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) is a problem for critical care patients and is exacerbated by barriers against rehabilitation; Eddy Fan and Christie Lee discuss the risk factors for ICUAW, as well as the benefits of early mobility.
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Commentary on the role of treatment-related HIV compensatory mutations on increasing virulence: new discoveries twenty years since the clinical testing of protease inhibitors to block HIV-1 replication
Eric J Arts BMC Medicine 2012, 10:114 (3 October 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Eric Arts comments on the findings of a recent study which can have major implications on the treatment strategy for newly infected HIV patients carrying highly virulent strains of the virus.
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Stroke genetics: prospects for personalized medicine
Hugh S Markus BMC Medicine 2012, 10:113 (27 September 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Hugh Markus reviews the latest developments in stroke genetics, highlighting how the variants identified confer only a small risk of disease, and describes how pharmacogenomic approaches can be applied for patient-tailored therapy.
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Renal cancer biomarkers: the promise of personalized care
Naveen S Vasudev, Peter J Selby, Rosamonde E Banks BMC Medicine 2012, 10:112 (27 September 2012)
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Rosamonde Banks and colleagues review recent advances in the genetics and epigenetics of renal cell carcinoma, and discuss how personalized care is being developed through the characterization of biomarkers in the clinic.
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Is diagnosis enough to guide interventions in mental health? Using case formulation in clinical practice
Craig A Macneil, Melissa K Hasty, Philippe Conus, Michael Berk BMC Medicine 2012, 10:111 (27 September 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Craig Macneil and colleagues comment on the need for clinicians to take a personalized approach when treating patients with mental health disorders, so that the most appropriate intervention can be selected for patients by taking their individual factors into account.
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Individual differences and evidence-based psychopharmacology
RH Belmaker, Yuly Bersudsky, Galila Agam BMC Medicine 2012, 10:110 (27 September 2012)
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Robert Belmaker and colleagues comment on the importance of understanding individual differences for effective drug treatment of psychiatric disorders, and emphasize that patient heterogeneity should be reported in randomised clinical trials.
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The relationship between obesity and prostate cancer: from genetics to disease treatment and prevention
Giovanni Lughezzani BMC Medicine 2012, 10:109 (25 September 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Obese patients with prostate cancer have altered gene expression in periprostatic adipose tissue compared to patients who are lean; Giovanni Lughezzani comments on this, suggesting that the resultant change in microenvironment may influence cancer progression.
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Obesity and prostate cancer: gene expression signature of human periprostatic adipose tissue
Ricardo Ribeiro, Cátia Monteiro, Victoria Catalán, Pingzhao Hu, Virgínia Cunha, Amaia Rodríguez, Javier Gómez-Ambrosi, Avelino Fraga, Paulo Príncipe, Carlos Lobato, Francisco Lobo, António Morais, Vitor Silva, José Sanches-Magalhães, Jorge Oliveira, Francisco Pina, Carlos Lopes, Rui Medeiros, Gema Frühbeck BMC Medicine 2012, 10:108 (25 September 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Obese patients with prostate cancer (PC) have different gene expression in their periprostatic adipose tissue compared to lean patients, which promotes a favorable environment for tumor progression by crosstalk between this tissue and the cancer cells.
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Epilepsy care guidelines for low- and middle- income countries: From WHO mental health GAP to national programs
Juri Katchanov, Gretchen L Birbeck BMC Medicine 2012, 10:107 (24 September 2012)
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Editor’s summary
Juri Katchanov and Gretchen Birbeck discuss the differing needs of low- and middle-income countries for epilepsy care guidelines compared with higher income countries, and describe how successful execution requires local adaptation.
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