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Quality prevails over identity in the sexually selected vocalisations of an ageing mammal
Elodie Briefer, Elisabetta Vannoni, Alan G McElligott BMC Biology 2010, 8:35 (9 April 2010)
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Editor’s summary
The calls of male fallow deer enable individual recognition and are indicative of male quality but over time their acoustic structure is affected by age and dominance rank and become more reliable cues of male quality than individuality.
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Adherens junctions remain dynamic
Matthias M Falk BMC Biology 2010, 8:34 (8 April 2010)
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Matthias Falk comments on a new type of adherens junction reported in BMC Biology, explaining how its provision of a dynamic connection between the stress fibers of neighboring endothelial cells adds to our evolving view of the versatility of this class of cell-cell junction.
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The lethal giant larvae tumour suppressor mutation requires dMyc oncoprotein to promote clonal malignancy
Francesca Froldi, Marcello Ziosi, Flavio Garoia, Andrea Pession, Nicola A Grzeschik, Paola Bellosta, Dennis Strand, Helena E Richardson, Annalisa Pession, Daniela Grifoni BMC Biology 2010, 8:33 (7 April 2010)
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In Drosophila, loss of the conserved junctional protein ‘lethal giant large’ results in abnormal growth and impaired dMyc expression, eventually leading to cell death through cell competition, suggesting that dMyc oncoprotein is required to promote invasive overgrowth.
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Anaerobic animals from an ancient, anoxic ecological niche
Marek Mentel, William Martin BMC Biology 2010, 8:32 (6 April 2010)
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Editor’s summary
Marek Mentel and William Martin argue that the tiny anoxic animals reported by Danovaro et al, with their hydrogenosome-like organelles, are relevant to metazoan evolution before the rise of deep marine oxygen levels, about 550-600 million years ago.
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Anaerobic Metazoans: No longer an oxymoron
Lisa A Levin BMC Biology 2010, 8:31 (6 April 2010)
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Lisa Levin discusses how the three new species of Loricifera reported by Danovaro et al. add a new dimension to the community of unicellular organisms that live in anoxic ocean ecosystems.
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The first metazoa living in permanently anoxic conditions
Roberto Danovaro, Antonio Dell'Anno, Antonio Pusceddu, Cristina Gambi, Iben Heiner, Reinhardt Møbjerg Kristensen BMC Biology 2010, 8:30 (6 April 2010)
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Editor’s summary
An expedition to a deep sea hypersaline anoxic basin in the Mediterranean has discovered the first multicellular animals that live and reproduce in the absence of oxygen.
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Gene duplication and fragmentation in the zebra finch major histocompatibility complex
Christopher N Balakrishnan, Robert Ekblom, Martin Völker, Helena Westerdahl, Ricardo Godinez, Holly Kotkiewicz, David W Burt, Tina Graves, Darren K Griffin, Wesley C Warren, Scott V Edwards BMC Biology 2010, 8:29 (1 April 2010)
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Editor’s summary
The Zebra finch possesses a more complex major histocompatibility complex (MHC) from that of other birds, which is probably the result of genomic changes such as gene duplication, pseudogenization and the distribution of MHC genes on multiple chromosomes.
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The zebra finch neuropeptidome: prediction, detection and expression
Fang Xie, Sarah E London, Bruce R Southey, Suresh P Annangudi, Andinet Amare, Sandra L Rodriguez-Zas, David F Clayton, Jonathan V Sweedler BMC Biology 2010, 8:28 (1 April 2010)
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Editor’s summary
Characterization of neuropeptides and prohormones in the zebra finch reveals detailed knowledge of the components involved in song recognition learning and provides a basis for future studies investigating the neural mechanisms underlying vocal communication and behavior.
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In vivo trans-specific gene silencing in fungal cells by in planta expression of a double-stranded RNA
Maria Tinoco, Bárbara BA Dias, Rebeca C Dall'Astta, João A Pamphile, Francisco JL Aragão BMC Biology 2010, 8:27 (31 March 2010)
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Editor’s summary
Tobacco plants expressing small interfering RNAs, corresponding to a particular transgene in a fungal pathogen, can effectively silence the fungal gene upon infection suggesting a novel strategy for the development of broad fungi-resistance in plants.
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Molecular evidence for increased regulatory conservation during metamorphosis, and against deleterious cascading effects of hybrid breakdown in Drosophila
Carlo G Artieri, Rama S Singh BMC Biology 2010, 8:26 (31 March 2010)
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Patterns of gene expression in species and hybrids of Drosophila are more conserved during the pupal stage as compared to earlier or later stages providing support for a 'developmental hourglass' model of divergence of gene expression.
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To signal or not to signal? Chemical communication by urine-borne signals mirrors sexual conflict in crayfish
Fiona C Berry, Thomas Breithaupt BMC Biology 2010, 8:25 (30 March 2010)
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Urine signaling is associated with aggressive behavior in both sexes of crayfish, but during reproductive encounters, chemicals in female urine stimulate males to switch to a courtship behavior and favor mating success.
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Denitrification in human dental plaque
Frank Schreiber, Peter Stief, Armin Gieseke, Ines M Heisterkamp, Willy Verstraete, Dirk de Beer, Paul Stoodley BMC Biology 2010, 8:24 (22 March 2010)
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Editor’s summary
The formation of gaseous nitric oxide from microbial nitrate reduction in dental plaque can potentially affect normal gum physiology and may therefore be as relevant as aerobic respiration and acid fermentation for understanding periodontal disease.
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ASB9 interacts with ubiquitous mitochondrial creatine kinase and inhibits mitochondrial function
Sanghoon Kwon, Dongbum Kim, Jae Rhee, Jeong-A Park, Dae-Won Kim, Doo-Sik Kim, Younghee Lee, Hyung-Joo Kwon BMC Biology 2010, 8:23 (19 March 2010)
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The ankyrin repeat and suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) box protein ASB9 interacts with the mitochondrial creatine kinase, via the SOCS domain, and is crucial for regulating growth of human cells.
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Geographic and ecologic heterogeneity in elimination thresholds for the major vector-borne helminthic disease, lymphatic filariasis
Manoj Gambhir, Moses Bockarie, Daniel Tisch, James Kazura, Justin Remais, Robert Spear, Edwin Michael BMC Biology 2010, 8:22 (17 March 2010)
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Variation in key local factors such as ecological conditions and acquired immunity affecting transmission of the filarial nematode worm that causes lymphatic filariasis or 'elephantiasis' can lead to significant uncertainty in predicting elimination thresholds of this tropical disease.
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A New Replicator: A theoretical framework for analysing replication
István Zachar, Eörs Szathmáry BMC Biology 2010, 8:21 (10 March 2010)
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Editor’s summary
Zachar and Szathmáry redefine the concept of a 'replicator' in evolution as an autocatalytic entity which is dependent on a specific working environment and the selective forces acting on it.
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Unraveling the mysteries of dog evolution
Rodney L Honeycutt BMC Biology 2010, 8:20 (9 March 2010)
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Rodney Honeycutt discusses the findings of a recent study by Robert Wayne and colleagues (BMC Biology 2010, 8:16), on the use of novel genetic markers to investigate the origin and diversification of the domestic dog.
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Rapid progress on the vertebrate tree of life
Robert C Thomson, H Bradley Shaffer BMC Biology 2010, 8:19 (8 March 2010)
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Progress towards completing the vertebrate 'tree of life' has been rapid but also skewed, with birds and mammals receiving most attention and marine organisms accumulating far fewer data than terrestrial groups.
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Monitoring the regulation of gene expression in a growing organ using a fluid mechanics formalism
Rémy Merret, Bruno Moulia, Irène Hummel, David Cohen, Erwin Dreyer, Marie-Béatrice Bogeat-Triboulot BMC Biology 2010, 8:18 (4 March 2010)
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Simultaneously studying growth rates and gene expression in plant development has resulted in a new mechanistic modeling approach to quantify rates of change in a moving and expanding cell or organ.
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Identification and characterization of Dlc1 isoforms in the mouse and study of the biological function of a single gene trapped isoform
Mohammad G Sabbir, Nichola Wigle, Shauna Loewen, Yuan Gu, Cordula Buse, Geoffrey G Hicks, Michael RA Mowat BMC Biology 2010, 8:17 (3 March 2010)
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Embryonic development fails in mice deficient in a single isoform of the tumour suppressor Dlc1, with defects in brain, heart and placental blood vessels indicating an essential in vivo role for this Rho GTPase activating protein.
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The IGF1 small dog haplotype is derived from Middle Eastern grey wolves
Melissa M Gray, Nathan B Sutter, Elaine A Ostrander, Robert K Wayne BMC Biology 2010, 8:16 (24 February 2010)
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Editor’s summary
Genetic variation in and around the insulin-like growth factor 1 gene defines a small dog haplotype, which appears to have arisen soon after domestication, and to have originated from Middle Eastern gray wolves.
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Evidence that a West-East admixed population lived in the Tarim Basin as early as the early Bronze Age
Chunxiang Li, Hongjie Li, Yinqiu Cui, Chengzhi Xie, Dawei Cai, Wenying Li, Victor H Mair, Zhi Xu, Quanchao Zhang, Idelisi Abuduresule, Li Jin, Hong Zhu, Hui Zhou BMC Biology 2010, 8:15 (17 February 2010)
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Genetic analysis of human remains from the Tarim Basin in China reveals that the Xiaohe people comprised an admixture of populations originating from both the East and the West dating from the early Bronze Age.
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A metabolic signature of long life in Caenorhabditis elegans
Silke Fuchs, Jacob G Bundy, Sarah K Davies, Jonathan M Viney, Jonathan S Swire, Armand M Leroi BMC Biology 2010, 8:14 (10 February 2010)
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Upregulation of gluconeogenesis and the glyoxylate shunt, as well as changes in amino acid catabolism, are metabolic responses that are common to different long-lived mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans.
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Stone formation in peach fruit exhibits spatial coordination of the lignin and flavonoid pathways and similarity to Arabidopsis dehiscence
Christopher D Dardick, Ann M Callahan, Remo Chiozzotto, Robert J Schaffer, M Claudia Piagnani, Ralph Scorza BMC Biology 2010, 8:13 (9 February 2010)
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Editor’s summary
Endocarp development in peach involves lignification in concert with a separate induction of the competing flavonoid pathway, and is regulated by transcription factors previously shown to govern the analagous process in Arabidopsis.
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Coevolution of activating and inhibitory receptors within mammalian carcinoembryonic antigen families
Robert Kammerer, Wolfgang Zimmermann BMC Biology 2010, 8:12 (4 February 2010)
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Editor’s summary
The high evolutionary diversity of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) families in mammals could be a result of their involvement in fetal-maternal conflict processes and the pressure exerted by different pathogens binding to CEA receptors.
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Adherens junctions connect stress fibres between adjacent endothelial cells
Jaime Millán, Robert J Cain, Natalia Reglero-Real, Carolina Bigarella, Beatriz Marcos-Ramiro, Laura Fernández-Martín, Isabel Correas, Anne J Ridley BMC Biology 2010, 8:11 (2 February 2010)
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Editor’s summary
Adherens junction proteins connecting adjacent endothelial cells attach to the ends of actin stress fibers rather than cortical F-actin, forming dynamic structures that bridge cells at discontinuous sites of contact.
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