Table 32

Summary of meta-analyses for snuff as used in Scandinavia

Overall data*

Never smokers

Cancer (source)

n

RR/OR (95% CI)

N

RR/OR (95% CI)

Oropharyngeal (Table 4)

7

0.97 (0.68–1.37)

4

1.01 (0.71–1.45)

Oesophageal (Table 6)

4

1.10 (0.92–1.33)

1

1.92 (1.00–3.68)

Stomach (Table 8)

5

0.98 (0.82–1.17)

2

0.90 (0.35–2.30)

Pancreatic (Table 10)

2

1.20 (0.66–2.20)

2

1.61 (0.77–3.34)

Larynx (Table 14)

1

0.90 (0.50–1.50)

0

-

Lung (Table 16)

2

0.71 (0.66–0.76)

2

0.82 (0.52–1.28)

Bladder (Table 20)

1

0.83 (0.62–1.11)

0

-

Kidney (Table 22)

1

0.72 (0.44–1.18)

0

-

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (Table 24)

2

1.04 (0.54–1.98)

1

0.77 (0.59–1.01)

Overall cancer (Table 27)

2

1.03 (0.91–1.16)

2

1.10 (0.94–1.29)

* all individual estimates included in these meta-analyses are smoking-adjusted or for never smokers except for one for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

n = number of estimates.

RR/OR = combined random-effects estimate based on RRs or ORs.

CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; RR = relative risk.

Lee and Hamling BMC Medicine 2009 7:36   doi:10.1186/1741-7015-7-36