|
Included studies. |
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| METHODS |
PARTICIPANTS |
INTERVENTIONS |
OUTCOMES |
|||||||||||||||||
|
|
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| INCLUDED STUDIES (date of publication) |
Randomised |
Double-blind |
Three+ arm study |
Duration (weeks) |
Only Schizophrenia |
History |
Total number of participants |
Age (years) |
Sex |
CPZ dose (mg/day) |
Number allocated CPZ |
Number allocated placebo |
Leaving the study early |
Global improvement |
Mental State |
Side-effects |
Global clinical state |
Behaviour |
Relapse |
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
| 1955 |
Hall |
● |
● |
9 |
● |
C |
175 |
20–59 |
M+F |
750 max |
87 |
88 |
● |
● |
● |
● |
||||
| Vaughan |
● |
● |
U/K |
C |
48 |
M = 43 |
F |
75–450 |
24 |
24 |
● |
|||||||||
| 1956 |
Shepherd |
● |
U/K |
● |
6 |
● |
C |
24 |
27–52 |
F |
300 |
8 |
8 |
● |
● |
|||||
| 1958 |
Abrams |
● |
4 |
● |
C |
40 |
20–55 |
F |
200–600 |
20 |
20 |
● |
||||||||
| Grygier |
● |
U/K |
24 |
● |
C |
30 |
m = 50 |
F |
150 |
15 |
15 |
● |
||||||||
| Hine |
● |
● |
20 |
● |
C |
22 |
30–50 |
F |
750 max |
11 |
11 |
● |
● |
● |
||||||
| Simon |
● |
● |
4 |
U/K |
80 |
m = 31 |
U/K |
200–1200 |
20 |
0 |
● |
|||||||||
| 1959 |
Baker |
● |
● |
● |
5 |
C |
25 |
33–79 |
F |
150–300 |
7 |
7 |
● |
● |
● |
● |
||||
| Flemming |
● |
● |
● |
26 |
● |
C |
63 |
m = 58 |
F |
75–300 |
21 |
21 |
● |
● |
● |
|||||
| Walsh |
● |
U/K |
● |
8 |
● |
C |
66 |
27–50 |
F |
75–300 |
22 |
22 |
● |
● |
||||||
| 1960 |
Englhardt |
● |
● |
● |
78 |
● |
U/K |
173 |
18–40 |
U/K |
50–800 |
62 |
56 |
● |
● |
|||||
| Hamilton |
● |
● |
● |
8 |
● |
C |
54 |
m = 38 |
M |
300 |
18 |
18 |
● |
● |
||||||
| Payne |
● |
● |
● |
6 |
● |
C |
21 |
23–73 |
M |
25–100 |
7 |
7 |
● |
|||||||
| Somerville |
● |
● |
● |
6 |
C+A |
60 |
24–58 |
F |
200–800 |
15 |
30 |
● |
● |
● |
● |
|||||
| 1961 |
Clark |
● |
● |
● |
24 |
● |
C |
60 |
26–52 |
F |
200–800 |
20 |
20 |
● |
● |
|||||
| Lorr |
● |
● |
● |
12 |
A |
308 |
<50 |
M |
50–100 |
63 |
61 |
● |
||||||||
| Kurland |
● |
● |
● |
6 |
A |
277 |
18–61 |
M+F |
300 |
33 |
72 |
● |
● |
● |
||||||
| Schiele |
● |
● |
● |
16 |
● |
C |
80 |
m = 80 |
M |
200–1000 |
20 |
20 |
● |
● |
● |
● |
||||
| Smith |
● |
● |
● |
14 |
● |
C |
30 |
m = 42 |
M+F |
150–600 |
13 |
15 |
● |
|||||||
| 1963 |
Bishop |
● |
● |
● |
10 |
● |
C |
30 |
U/N |
M+F |
800 |
10 |
10 |
● |
● |
|||||
| Fink |
● |
U/K |
● |
6 |
S |
311 |
m = 31 |
M+F |
1200 |
51 |
44 |
● |
||||||||
| 1964 |
NIMH |
● |
● |
● |
6 |
● |
A |
463 |
16–45 |
M+F |
200–1600 |
112 |
125 |
● |
||||||
| 1966 |
Reardon |
● |
● |
● |
4 |
● |
A |
34 |
U/K |
M+F |
300–600 |
11 |
12 |
● |
● |
|||||
| Saretsky |
● |
● |
12 |
● |
A |
40 |
<55 |
M |
400 |
20 |
20 |
● |
||||||||
| 1967 |
Clark |
● |
● |
10 |
● |
C |
72 |
25–55 |
F |
678 m |
51 |
21 |
● |
|||||||
| Letemendia |
● |
● |
39 |
C |
28 |
<65 |
M |
300 |
14 |
14 |
● |
|||||||||
| 1968 |
Clark a |
● |
● |
● |
14 |
● |
C |
72 |
20–60 |
F |
1000 max |
18 |
36 |
● |
● |
● |
||||
| Clark b |
● |
● |
● |
16 |
● |
C |
69 |
20–60 |
F |
1000 max |
23 |
23 |
● |
● |
||||||
| Cohen |
● |
● |
● |
60 |
● |
C |
126 |
18–42 |
M+F |
180 |
42 |
42 |
● |
|||||||
| Prien |
● |
● |
● |
24 |
● |
C |
838 |
19–55 |
M+F |
2000 |
208 |
212 |
● |
● |
● |
● |
● |
|||
| 300 |
208 |
|||||||||||||||||||
| 1969 |
Tetreault |
● |
● |
● |
12 |
● |
C |
45 |
m = 50 |
F |
300–600 |
15 |
15 |
● |
● |
● |
● |
|||
| 1970 |
Clark a |
● |
● |
● |
12 |
● |
C |
44 |
22–55 |
M+F |
200–1000 |
15 |
14 |
● |
● |
● |
● |
● |
||
| Clark b |
● |
● |
24 |
● |
C |
71 |
21–60 |
F |
150–600 |
54 |
18 |
● |
● |
● |
||||||
| 1971 |
Clark |
● |
● |
● |
4 |
● |
C |
86 |
21–45 |
M+F |
200–1000 |
23 |
21 |
● |
● |
● |
||||
| 1972 |
Clark |
● |
● |
● |
12 |
● |
C |
55 |
21–60 |
M+F |
1000 |
19 |
18 |
● |
● |
● |
● |
|||
| Serafetinedes |
● |
● |
● |
12 |
● |
C |
57 |
21–61 |
M+F |
1000 max |
14 |
13 |
● |
● |
● |
|||||
| 1973 |
Hogarty |
● |
● |
156 |
● |
S |
374 |
18–53 |
M+F |
270 m |
192 |
182 |
● |
● |
||||||
| Klein |
● |
● |
6 |
● |
88 |
17–61 |
M+F |
300–1200 |
46 |
42 |
● |
|||||||||
| 1974 |
Reschke |
● |
● |
● |
0.1 |
● |
A |
50 |
19–57 |
M+F |
25 im |
10 |
11 |
● |
● |
● |
||||
| 1975 |
Ban |
● |
● |
● |
12 |
● |
C+A |
30 |
17–46 |
M+F |
200–800 |
10 |
10 |
● |
● |
|||||
| Hamill |
● |
0.7 |
● |
A |
44 |
18–55 |
M+F |
306–475 |
22 |
22 |
● |
|||||||||
| 1977 |
Clark |
● |
● |
● |
12 |
● |
C |
27 |
23–61 |
M+F |
1000 |
9 |
9 |
● |
● |
● |
||||
| Spohn |
● |
● |
6+ |
● |
U/K |
40 |
18–55 |
M+F |
200 min |
20 |
20 |
● |
||||||||
| 1978 |
Rappaport |
● |
U/K |
● |
A |
127 |
16–40 |
M |
300–900 |
53 |
74 |
● |
● |
|||||||
| 1981 |
Peet |
● |
● |
● |
12 |
● |
U/K |
53 |
m = 51 |
M+F |
400 max |
16 |
18 |
● |
● |
● |
||||
| 1982 |
Nishikawa |
● |
● |
● |
156 |
● |
S |
55 |
m = 33 |
M+F |
75 |
10 |
10 |
● |
||||||
| 1986 |
Zuoze |
● |
● |
4 |
● |
C |
60 |
m = 36 |
U/K |
450 m |
20 |
20 |
● |
|||||||
| 1990 |
Chouinard |
● |
● |
● |
4 |
● |
A |
62 |
19–62 |
M+F |
300–1200 |
21 |
21 |
● |
● |
● |
● |
|||
| 1991 |
Borison |
● |
● |
● |
4 |
● |
A |
30 |
22–58 |
M |
400–1600 |
9 |
10 |
● |
● |
|||||
| 2000 |
Cooper |
● |
● |
● |
8 |
● |
C |
159 |
18–42 |
M+F |
600 |
53 |
53 |
● |
● |
● |
||||
|
Key: ● = Yes; U/K = Unknown; C = Chronic; A = Acute; M = Male; F = Female; m = Mean; im = Intramuscular injection. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Adams et al. BMC Medicine 2005 3:15 doi:10.1186/1741-7015-3-15 |
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