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Open AccessHighly AccessResearch article

Sequential super-stereotypy of an instinctive fixed action pattern in hyper-dopaminergic mutant mice: a model of obsessive compulsive disorder and Tourette's

Kent C Berridge1 email, J Wayne Aldridge1,2 email, Kimberly R Houchard1,3 email and Xiaoxi Zhuang4 email

Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA

Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA

Wayne State University Medical School, Detroit, USA

Department of Neurobiology, Pharmacology, and Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA

author email corresponding author email

BMC Biology 2005, 3:4doi:10.1186/1741-7007-3-4

Published: 14 February 2005

Additional files


Additional File 1:

Movie: Sequential super-stereotypy of an instinctive fixed action pattern in hyper-dopaminergic mutant mice. Windows Media Player movie file (.avi): DAT Knockdown grooming fixed action pattern.aviExamples of syntactic grooming chains performed by three hyperdopaminergic mutant mice are shown in the accompanying movie file. Choreograph diagrams of component movements' form and sequence are displayed for each syntactic chain, and strokes are illuminated sequentially in synchrony with their corresponding movements. Note that the first two syntactic chains contain insertion or reversal errors (Mutant mouse 1: paw lick insertions in Phase II, between Phases II and III, and between Phases III and IV; also reversal insertion of a Phase I ellipse stroke within Phase II. Mutant mouse 2: paw lick insertions within Phase I, within Phase III, and between Phases III and IV). However, the syntactic chains are not disrupted by these errors, and the mutants continue on with the sequential pattern to successfully complete Phase IV (body licking). Mutant mouse 3 also shows the ventral view that permits the viewer to see both forepaws simultaneously, which was used to score all syntactic chains in the laboratory.

Format: AVI Size: 8MB Download file

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