BMC Health Services Research
Volume 4

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Atkins D
Eccles M
Flottorp S
Guyatt GH
Henry D
Hill S
Liberati A
O'Connell D
Oxman AD
Phillips B
Schünemann H
Edejer TT
Vist GE
Williams JW

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Atkins D
Eccles M
Flottorp S
Guyatt GH
Henry D
Hill S
Liberati A
O'Connell D
Oxman AD
Phillips B
Schünemann H
Edejer TT
Vist GE
Williams JW
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Research article

Systems for grading the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations I: Critical appraisal of existing approaches The GRADE Working Group

David Atkins¹ , Martin Eccles² , Signe Flottorp³ , Gordon H Guyatt⁴ , David Henry⁵ , Suzanne Hill⁵ , Alessandro Liberati⁶ , Dianne O'Connell⁷ , Andrew D Oxman³ , Bob Phillips⁸ , Holger Schünemann⁴^,9 , Tessa Tan-Torres Edejer¹⁰ , Gunn E Vist³ , John W Williams Jr¹¹ and The GRADE Working Group³

¹Center for Practice and Technology Assessment, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 540 Gaither Rd. Rokville, MD 20852, USA

²Centre for Health Services Research, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 21 Claremont Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AA, UK

³Informed Choice Research Department, Norwegian Health Services Research Centre, Pb. 7004 St. Olavs Plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway

⁴Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Medicine, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada

⁵Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Level 5, New Med 2 Building, Newcastle Mater Hospital, Waratah, NSW 2298, Australia

⁶Department of Oncology and Hematology, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Via dal Pozzo 41, 41100 Modena, Italia and Centro per la Valutazione della Efficacia della Assistenza Sanitaria (CeVEAS), Modena, Italy

⁷Cancer Epidemiology Research Unit, Cancer Research and Registers Division, The Cancer Council NSW, PO Box 572, Kings Cross NSW 1340, Australia

⁸Centre for Evidence-based Medicine, University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK

⁹Departments of Medicine and Social & Preventive Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, ECMC-CC142, 462 Grinder St, Buffalo, NY 14215, USA

¹⁰Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy, World Health Organisation, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland

¹¹The Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, HSR&D, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Duke University Medical Center, 508 Fulton St., Durham, NC 27705, USA

author email corresponding author email

BMC Health Services Research 2004, 4:38doi:10.1186/1472-6963-4-38


Published:	22 December 2004

Additional files

Additional File 1:

American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP), a brief description of the ACCP approach.

Format: DOC Size: 49KB Download file

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Additional File 2:

Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (ANHMRC), a brief description of the ANHMRC approach.

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Additional File 3:

Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine (OCEBM), a brief description of the OCEBM approach.

Format: DOC Size: 73KB Download file

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Additional File 4:

Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines (SIGN), a brief description of the SIGN approach.

Format: DOC Size: 27KB Download file

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Additional File 5:

U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), a brief description of the USPSTF approach.

Format: DOC Size: 51KB Download file

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Additional File 6:

U.S. Task Force on Community Preventive Services (USTFCPS), a brief description of the USTFCPS approach.

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