Research article

The impact of frequent injections for hematopoietic growth factor support on patients receiving chemotherapy: an observational study

Susan Haithcox¹ , Carmella R Ramnes² , Howard Lee³ , John Lu⁴ and Gary H Lyman⁵

¹Department of Oncology Research, Northern Indiana Cancer Research Consortium, South Bend, Indiana, 46601, USA

²Department of Hematology-Oncology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, 12208, USA

³Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA

⁴Department of Health Economics and Epidemiology, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, California, 91320, USA

⁵Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14627, USA

author email corresponding author email

BMC Nursing 2003, 2:2doi:10.1186/1472-6955-2-2

Published:	19 September 2003

Abstract

Background

Quality of life may be affected by daily injections of supportive hematopoietic growth factor medication, which is frequently required by patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. The objective of the study was to identify areas where long-acting derivatives of current proteins, which require less frequent administration, may provide advantages over existing therapies that require more frequent administration.

Methods

An observational study was conducted to assess the impact of daily injections of Filgrastim (Neupogen^®; Amgen Inc.) on patients' quality of life. A Subject Outcome Questionnaire was administered to patients after chemotherapy on 2 consecutive cycles. Time spent for treatment and patient attitude towards injection frequency were measured. The effect on patients' daily activities, including their ability to work, was analyzed.

Results

Thirty patients completed the first, and 24 the second, administration of the Questionnaire across 3 participating sites in the United States. The average patient time commitment for each daily injection was 78 minutes. Forty-five percent of patients were moderately to extremely bothered by travel during the first chemotherapy cycle, which increased to 59% during the second cycle. Forty-four percent and 18% of patients reported having to rearrange their daily schedules and take time off from work to accommodate each injection at least some of the time, respectively. Eighty-nine percent of the patients reported a preference for a longer-acting drug that required fewer injections.

Conclusion

Results indicate that frequent injections represent a significant burden on patients' lives and that the majority would prefer longer-acting medications that require less frequent administration and potentially fewer clinic visits.