Figure 5.

Real-time PCR analysis of osteochondral explants. (a) Gene expression of various genes of matrix synthesis, turnover and inflammation of osteochondral explants left untreated (left column) or stimulated by millicurrent treatment (right column). Specimens were cultivated in-vitro for 3 weeks. The housekeeping-gene β-actin was used as internal standard. P = 0.05. (b) Calculated relative gene expression of treatment samples in relation to control samples of the same patients, where gene expression of control samples was set as 1.