|
Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for bladder cancer among regular users of phenacetin and paracetamol, with adjustment for other drugs, and among exclusive users. |
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| Drug use |
Adjusted Modela |
Exclusive Use Modelb |
||||
| Controls N(%) |
Cases N(%) |
OR (95%CI)c |
Controls N(%) |
Cases N(%) |
OR (95%CI)c |
|
|
|
||||||
| Phenacetin |
||||||
| Never |
421 (92.3) |
313 (85.5) |
1.0 (reference) |
|||
| Ever |
35 (7.7) |
53 (14.5) |
2.2 (1.3–3.8) |
|||
| Duration of used |
||||||
| ≤ 4 yrs |
14 (3.1) |
22 (6.0) |
2.2 (1.0–4.7) |
|||
| 4–8 yrs |
9 (2.0) |
6 (1.6) |
1.1 (0.4–3.5) |
|||
| >8 yrs |
12 (2.6) |
25 (6.8) |
3.0 (1.4–6.5) |
|||
| P for linear trende |
0.005 |
|||||
| Paracetamol |
||||||
| Never |
398 (87.3) |
335 (91.5) |
1.0 (reference) |
249 (89.6) |
211 (90.9) |
1.0 (reference) |
| Ever |
58 (12.7) |
31 (8.5) |
0.7 (0.4–1.2) |
29 (10.4) |
21 (9.1) |
0.8 (0.5–1.6) |
| Duration of used |
||||||
| ≤ 4.5 yrs |
19 (4.2) |
12 (3.3) |
0.9 (0.4–1.9) |
12 (4.3) |
8 (3.4) |
0.8 (0.3–2.0) |
| 4.5–16 yrs |
19 (4.2) |
13 (3.6) |
0.9 (0.4–1.9) |
10 (3.6) |
9 (3.9) |
0.9 (0.4–2.5) |
| >16 yrs |
20 (4.4) |
6 (1.6) |
0.4 (0.2–1.2) |
7 (2.5) |
4 (1.7) |
0.8 (0.2–3.1) |
| P for linear trende |
0.116 |
0.672 |
||||
|
a Model adjusted by age, sex, number of cigarettes smoked per day, and use of other NSAIDs and analgesics b Model adjusted by age, sex, and number of cigarettes smoked per day c Excluded 3 subjects missing number of cigarettes smoked per day. d Based on tertile of duration of use among controls. No medication use is referent. e Tests for trend were performed by including a single term for categorical duration of medication use using non-users as the reference category. | ||||||
Fortuny et al. BMC Urology 2007 7:13 doi:10.1186/1471-2490-7-13 |
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