Figure 4.

Changes during raised intra abdominal pressure. A) Contraction of transversus abdominis muscle pulls the posterior inguinal wall above and laterally creating tension in it (Dynamic shielding action), B) External oblique aponeurosis and posterior inguinal wall come closer (anterior-posterior compression action), C) Squeezing action and pulling effect of cremasteric muscle, D) Dense and strong cremasteric fascia exerts binding effect on structures in the inguinal canal for their optimal dynamic movements.