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Body satisfaction and body weight: gender differences and sociodemographic determinants

S Bryn Austin1,2, Jess Haines3 and Paul J Veugelers4*

Author Affiliations

1 Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital, Boston, USA

2 Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA

3 Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, USA

4 School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

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BMC Public Health 2009, 9:313 doi:10.1186/1471-2458-9-313

Published: 27 August 2009

Abstract

Background

Given the documented links between body satisfaction, weight-related behaviors, and weight change in adolescents, we sought to examine the prevalence of poor body satisfaction in prepubescent girls and boys and its associations with body weight, socioeconomic factors, and rural residence.

Methods

We obtained data from 4254 girls and boys participating in a population-based survey of grade five students in the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. We examined gender specific associations between the prevalence of poor body satisfaction and body mass index (BMI) with generalized additive models and applied multilevel logistic regression methods to estimate associations of body satisfaction with BMI, rural residence, parental education and income, and neighborhood household income.

Results

We observed a linear increase in poor body satisfaction with increasing BMI in girls. Among boys, however, we found a U-shape association where boys with low BMI and those with high BMI reported higher levels of poor body satisfaction. We also found that poor body satisfaction was more prevalent among girls whose parents had lower educational attainment and among those who reside in rural areas.

Conclusion

Insight into the unique relationships between body satisfaction and BMI experienced by prepubescent children, males, and populations diverse in parental education and geographic location may help to inform public health initiatives designed to improve weight-related behaviors and reduce overweight in children.