Table 4

Gender-specific hazard ratios and 95% C.I. for all cause and CVD mortality according to living alone at baseline

Mortality

Hazard Ratio**

95% C.I.

P-value

Hazard Ratio***

95% C.I.

P-value

Men

Total mortality*

2.07

1.66

2.60

<0.0001

1.96

1.56

2.46

<0.0001

Cardiovascular mortality*

2.13

1.52

2.99

<0.0001

2.00

1.41

2.83

<0.0001

Women

Total mortality*

1.12

0.88

1.42

0.36

1.11

0.87

1.41

0.41

Cardiovascular mortality*

1.06

0.73

1.53

0.77

1.02

0.70

1.48

0.94

* compared for persons who live alone with those who don't after multivariable adjustment

** adjusted for age and survey

*** final model men: adjusted for age, survey, number of friends, prevalent MI and diabetes, hypertension, self rated health, obesity, participation in screening, dentist visits, physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking

final model women: adjusted for age, survey, prevalent diabetes, hypertension, self rated health, participation in screening, dentist visits, physical activity, smoking

Kandler et al. BMC Public Health 2007 7:335   doi:10.1186/1471-2458-7-335