Table 1

Association of different factors with acute leukemia in children from Mexico City
Variables
 Cases (N = 193)
 Controls (N = 193)
 Crude OR [95% CI]



N
 %
 N
 %
Type of leukemia




     ALL
 163
 84.5


     AML
 30
 15.5


Institution




     IMSS
 122
 63.2
 124
 64.2
     SSa
 71
 36.8
 69
 35.8
Family history of cancer
 88
 45.6
 67
 34.7
 1.58 [1.05,2.38]
Sex: Male
 110
 57.0
 115
 59.6
 0.90 [0.60,1.35]
Age: 2–5 years old
 59
 30.6
 53
 27.5
 1.16 [0.75,1.81]
Child's weight at birth: >3,500 g
 60
 31.1
 56
 29.0
 1.10 [0.71,1.71]
High crowding
 80
 41.5
 71
 36.8
 1.22 [0.81,1.83]
Paternal age during pregnancy: >35 years old
 26
 13.5
 24
 12.4
 1.10 [0.61,1.99]
Maternal age during pregnancy: >35 years old
 13
 6.7
 16
 8.3
 0.80 [0.37,1.71]
Paternal alcohol consumption before pregnancy
 172
 89.1
 172
 89.1
 1.00 [0.53,1.90]
Maternal alcohol consumption before pregnancy
 139
 72.0
 154
 79.8
 0.65 [0.41,1.04]
Paternal cigarette smoking before pregnancy
 118
 61.1
 105
 54.4
 1.32 [0.88,1.98]
Paternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy
 107
 55.4
 88
 45.6
 1.49 [0.99,2.22]
Paternal cigarette smoking after pregnancy
 117
 60.6
 110
 57.0
 1.16 [0.77,1.74]
Maternal cigarette smoking before pregnancy
 35
 18.1
 49
 25.4
 0.65 [0.40,1.06]
Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy
 7
 3.6
 10
 5.2
 0.69 [0.26,1.85]
Maternal cigarette smoking during breastfeeding
 9
 4.7
 3
 1.6
 3.10 [0.83,11.62]
Exposure to carcinogenic agents at home
 46
 23.8
 29
 15.0
 1.77 [1.06,2.96]

ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; IMSS, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; SSa, Secretaria de Salud; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval

Perez-Saldivar et al. BMC Cancer 2008 8:7   doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-7