Clinical significance of gelsolin-like actin-capping protein expression in oral carcinogenesis: an immunohistochemical study of premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity

doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-39

BMC Cancer

Volume 8

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Nomura H
Uzawa K
Ishigami T
Kouzu Y
Koike H
Ogawara K
Siiba M
Bukawa H
Yokoe H
Kubosawa H
Tanzawa H

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Nomura H
Uzawa K
Ishigami T
Kouzu Y
Koike H
Ogawara K
Siiba M
Bukawa H
Yokoe H
Kubosawa H
Tanzawa H
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Research article

Clinical significance of gelsolin-like actin-capping protein expression in oral carcinogenesis: an immunohistochemical study of premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity

Hitomi Nomura¹ , Katsuhiro Uzawa¹^,2 , Takashi Ishigami¹ , Yukinao Kouzu¹ , Hirofumi Koike¹ , Katsunori Ogawara¹ , Masashi Siiba¹ , Hiroki Bukawa² , Hidetaka Yokoe² , Hitoshi Kubosawa³ and Hideki Tanzawa¹^,2^,4

¹Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan

²Division of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan

³Department of Pathology, Chiba Municipal Aoba Hospital, 1273-2 Aoba-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-0852, Japan

⁴Center of Excellence (COE) Program in the 21st Century, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan

author email corresponding author email

BMC Cancer 2008, 8:39doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-39


Published:	1 February 2008

Abstract

Background

Gelsolin-like actin-capping protein (CapG) is a ubiquitous gelsolin-family actin-modulating protein involved in cell signalling, receptor-mediated membrane ruffling, phagocytosis, and motility. CapG has generated great interest due to its oncogenic function in the control of cell migration or invasion in a variety of cancer cells. We previously applied proteomic methods to characterize differentially expressed proteins in oral squamous-cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and detected significantly high expression levels of CapG in OSCC-derived cell lines compared to human normal oral keratinocytes. In the current study, to further determine the potential involvement of CapG in OSCC, we evaluated the status of CapG protein and mRNA expression in human oral premalignant lesions (OPLs) and primary OSCCs and correlated the results with clinicopathologic variables.

Methods

Matched normal and tumour tissue sections of 79 human primary OSCCs and 28 OPLs were analyzed for CapG expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Correlations between CapG-immunohistochemical staining scores of OSCCs and clinicopathologic features were evaluated by Fisher's exact test. Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to estimate CapG expression at the mRNA level.

Results

In IHC, substantial up-regulation of CapG protein was observed in primary OSCCs (52%) and OPLs (64%), whereas corresponding normal tissues showed consistently weak or absent immunoreactivity of CapG. qRT-PCR data were consistent with the protein expression status. Moreover, CapG expression was correlated with the TNM stage grading of OSCCs.

Conclusion

Our finding of frequent dysregulated expression of CapG in premalignant and malignant lesions together with an association with an advanced clinical disease stage suggests that CapG could contribute to cancer development and progression and that CapG may have potential as a biomarker and a therapeutic target for OSCC.