Table 1

Distribution of controls and cases by sociodemographic variables and selected risk factors


Cases
 Controls
 OR
 95% CI
Variable
 Category
 Number
 %
 Number
 %

Age (years)
 30–39
 2
 0.8
 4
 0.8
 NA

40–49
 14
 5.5
 28
 5.6


50–59
 37
 14.5
 74
 14.8


60–69
 91
 35.7
 182
 36.3


70–79
 86
 33.7
 175
 34.9


80–89
 25
 9.8
 38
 7.6

Sex
 Males
 225
 88.2
 441
 88.0
 NA

Females
 30
 11.8
 60
 12.0

Residence
 Montevideo
 116
 45.5
 254
 50.7
 NA

Other counties
 139
 54.5
 247
 49.3

Urban/rural status
 Urban
 192
 75.3
 416
 83.0
 1.00

Rural
 63
 24.7
 85
 17.0
 1.31
 0.80–2.14
Education (years)
 0–2
 57
 22.3
 140
 27.9
 1.00

3–5
 106
 41.6
 175
 34.9
 1.42
 0.93–2.17

6+
 92
 36.1
 186
 37.2
 1.24
 0.79–1.95
Income (US dollars per month)
 <=142
 93
 36.5
 225
 44.9
 1.00

143+
 113
 44.3
 194
 38.7
 1.51
 1.05–2.17

Missing
 49
 19.2
 82
 16.4
 1.50
 0.94–2.40
Family history of bladder cancer
 No
 244
 95.7
 495
 98.8
 1.00

Yes
 11
 4.3
 6
 1.2
 4.97
 1.73–14.27
Body Mass Index
 <=22.8
 59
 23.1
 127
 25.3
 1.00

22.9–25.1
 65
 25.5
 126
 25.1
 1.13
 0.72–1.79

25.2–27.1
 53
 20.8
 120
 23.9
 0.92
 0.57–1.49

27.2+
 78
 30.6
 128
 25.7
 1.33
 0.84–2.10
Occupation
 Low risk
 175
 68.6
 385
 76.9
 1.00

High risk
 80
 31.4
 116
 23.1
 1.41
 0.92–2.15
Years of smoking
 Never smokers
 48
 18.8
 136
 27.1
 1.0
 Reference

1–29
 32
 12.5
 60
 12.0
 1.55
 0.85–2.82

30–39
 31
 12.2
 70
 14.0
 1.34
 0.73–2.46

40–49
 54
 21.2
 109
 21.8
 1.61
 0.94–2.74

50+
 90
 35.3
 126
 25.1
 2.39
 1.46–3.90
N patients
255
 100.0
 501
 100.0

NA, not applicable (matching variable)

OR, odds ratio adjusted for age, sex, residence, urban/rural status, education, family history of bladder cancer among first-degree relatives, body mass index, occupation, smoking status, years since quit, number of cigarettes smoked per day, maté drinking, coffee drinking, tea drinking, soft drinks and milk intake

CI, confidence interval

De Stefani et al. BMC Cancer 2007 7:57   doi:10.1186/1471-2407-7-57