Table 4

Health outcomes for infants who were born by caesarean section (as percentage of caesarean born babies)

Indonesia

Malaysia

The Philippines

Thailand

Overall

Tertiary

District

Overall

Tertiary 1

Tertiary 2

Overall

Tertiary 1

Tertiary 2

Overall

Regional

University

Provincial

n = 628

n = 294

n = 334

n = 465

n = 272

n = 193

n = 479

n = 126

n = 353

n = 1074

n = 342

n = 342

n = 390

Stillbirth ^#

1.0

2.0

0.0

0.9

0.4

1.6

0.2

0.8

0.0

0.4

0.0

0.6

0.5

Babies born alive who died #

0.3

0.0

0.6

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.4

0.8

0.3

1.1

0.9

1.5

1.0

Total deaths ^#

1.3

2.0

0.6

1.3

0.7

2.1

0.6

1.6

0.3

1.5

0.9

2.0

1.5

Gestational age at birth (weeks) *

38.8

(2.2)

38.3

(2.7)

39.2

(1.4)

37.9

(2.0)

37.8

(2.2)

38.3

(1.7)

37.8

(2.1)

38.1

(1.5)

37.7

(2.2)

38.3

(2.2)

37.9

(2.3)

38.1

(2.3)

38.8

(2.0)

Gestational age at birth < 37 weeks

10

18

3

13

15

11

10

3

12

12

16

13

9

Birth weight (kg) *

2.97

(0.65)

2.87

(0.74)

3.01

(0.56)

3.02

(0.70)

3.0

(0.71)

3.05

(0.69)

2.8

(0.60)

2.89

(0.48)

2.76

(0.63)

3.06

(0.60)

3.0

(0.58)

3.1

(0.63)

3.13

(0.57)

very low birth weight (< 1500 g)

3

5

1

3

3

3

3

1

4

2

2

3

1

low birth weight (1500–2499 g)

16

20

13

15

15

15

21

15

24

10

16

8

7

normal (2500–4499 g)

77

70

83

74

74

75

75

85

71

84

79

86

87

macrosomia (≥ 4000 g)

5

5

4

8

7

8

1

0

1

4

4

3

5

Resuscitation

43

40

46

7

5

10

16

19

15

60

21

57

97

Apgar score < 7 at 1 min^§

35

42

28

8

7

9

9

8

10

6

7

7

4

Apgar score < 7 at 5 min^§

9

14

5

2

2

3

3

2

4

2

2

2

2

Figures are percentage rounded to the nearest whole number, or ^#percentagerounded to one decimal point or *mean (standard deviation)

^§Calculated for live births only

Festin et al. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2009 9:17   doi:10.1186/1471-2393-9-17