Table 3 |
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|
Clinical outcomes among babies born to women with borderline GDM compared with women with a normal OGCT |
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|
Outcome |
Borderline GDM |
Normal OGCT |
Unadjusted relative risk [95% CI] |
p value |
Adjusted relative risk [95% CI] |
p value |
|
|
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|
Births |
n = 140 (%) |
n = 1596 (%) |
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|
Infant death or adverse outcome |
18 (12.9) |
162 (10.2) |
1.27 [0.80, 2.00] |
0.31 |
1.25 [0.79. 1.98] |
0.34 |
|
Stillbirth |
1 (0.7) |
13 (0.8) |
0.88 [0.12, 6.65] |
0.90 |
0.79 [0.10, 6.08] |
0.82 |
|
Neonatal death |
0 |
5 (0.3) |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
Perinatal death |
1 (0.7) |
18 (1.1) |
0.63 [0.09, 4.71] |
0.66 |
0.56 [0.07, 4.21] |
0.57 |
|
GA at birtha (weeks) |
39.7 (38.5–40.9) |
40.1 (39.0–41.0) |
-- |
0.004 |
-- |
0.003 |
|
Preterm birth (GA <37 weeks) |
15 (10.7) |
102 (6.4) |
1.68 [1.00, 2.80] |
0.05 |
1.64 [0.97, 2.75] |
0.06 |
|
Very preterm birth (GA <34 weeks) |
4 (2.9) |
33 (2.1) |
1.38 [0.50, 3.84] |
0.54 |
1.40 [0.50, 3.91] |
0.53 |
|
Extremely preterm birth (GA <28 weeks) |
0 |
12 (0.8) |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
Apgar 5 minute <7 |
3 (2.1) |
33 (2.1) |
1.04 [0.32, 3.33] |
0.95 |
1.05 [0.32, 3.40] |
0.94 |
|
Birthweightb (g) |
3375 ± 626.3 |
3388 ± 593.4 |
-13.0 [-116, 89.5] |
0.80 |
-28.8 [-132, 73.9] |
0.58 |
|
Birth lengthb (cm) |
50.2 ± 2.5 |
50.3 ± 3.3 |
-0.06 [-0.6, 0.5] |
0.82 |
-0.09 [-0.7, 0.5] |
0.75 |
|
Birth head circumferenceb (cm) |
34.3 ± 1.8 |
34.4 ± 1.9 |
-0.10 [-0.4, 0.2] |
0.55 |
-0.17 [-0.5, 0.2] |
0.34 |
|
|
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|
Liveborns |
n = 139 (%) |
n = 1583 (%) |
||||
|
SFGA (Birthweight <10th percentile) |
10 (7.2) |
153 (9.7) |
0.74 [0.40, 1.38] |
0.35 |
0.76 [0.41. 1.42] |
0.39 |
|
LFGA (Birthweight ≥90th percentile) |
19 (13.7) |
153 (9.7) |
1.41 [0.91, 2.20] |
0.13 |
1.29 [0.83, 2.00] |
0.27 |
|
Macrosomia (Birthweight ≥4.5 kg) |
6 (4.3) |
27 (1.7) |
2.53 [1.06, 6.03] |
0.04 |
2.27 [0.97, 5.34] |
0.06 |
|
Length of staya (days) |
3 (3–5) |
3 (2–4) |
-- |
0.001 |
-- |
0.01 |
|
Admission to nursery |
56 (40.3) |
450 (28.4) |
1.42 [1.14, 1.76] |
0.002 |
1.35 [1.09, 1.68] |
0.01 |
|
Admission to NICU |
9 (6.5) |
47 (3.0) |
2.18 [1.09, 4.36] |
0.03 |
2.05 [1.02, 4.13] |
0.04 |
|
RDS |
0 |
14 (0.9) |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
Mechanical ventilation |
2 (1.4) |
33 (2.1) |
0.69 [0.17, 2.85] |
0.61 |
0.65 [0.16, 2.71] |
0.56 |
|
Antibiotics <48 hours |
14 (10.1) |
78 (4.9) |
2.04 [1.19, 3.51] |
0.01 |
2.14 [1.24, 3.68] |
0.01 |
|
Sarnat stage 2 or 3 encephalopathy |
18 (12.9) |
124 (7.8) |
1.65 [1.04, 2.63] |
0.03 |
1.69 [1.06, 2.69] |
0.03 |
|
|
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|
a Values are median (IR range). b Value is mean ± standard deviation, and the comparison is mean difference (95% CI). GA, gestational age; SFGA, small for gestational age; LFGA, large for gestational age; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome |
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|
Ju et al. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2008 8:31 doi:10.1186/1471-2393-8-31 |
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