Table 1

The characteristics of the study cohort in the S. haematobium and HIV-1 co-infection

Variable

n

Median MIP-1α/CCL3 (pg/ml)

(Interquartile range)

p-value

Sex

Male

76

144

(65 - 295)

Female

303

127

(56 - 205)

0.2130

Total

379

S. haematobium

Positive

263

171

(132 - 630)

Negative

116

39

(4 - 90)

0.0029

HIV status

Positive

198

124

(36 - 550)

Negative

181

139

(47 - 445)

0.6312

Age (years)

< 25

82

166

(55 - 525)

≥ 25

297

121

(35 - 595)

0.2570

Age groups (years)

< 20

24

146

(66 - 378)

20 - 29

156

135

(78 - 402)

30 - 39

92

113

(46 - 399)

40 - 49

76

126

(72 - 332)

50 +

31

163

(33 - 298)

0.5060

Co-infection status

HIV+ S. haematobium +

154

144

(124 - 447)

HIV- S. haematobium +

130

177

(133 - 506)

HIV+ S. haematobium -

48

64

(6 - 79)

HIV- S. haematobium -

47

30

(3 - 57)

0.0008

CD4 vs MIP-1a/CCL3 in HIV+

Above 250

180

120

(38 - 440)

Below 250

18

156

(36 - 398)

0.4993

Eggs per 10 ml urine

0

116

36

(5 - 81)

<10

177

80

(66 - 168)

10 - <50

77

379

(211 - 680)

>50

9

333

(199 - 862)

0.0001

Time point

Baseline (before treatment)

263

131

(102 - 560)

3 months post treatment

83

71

(6 - 94)

0.0001

Given are the medians and interquartile ranges of levels of plasma MIP-1α/CCL3 chemokine. The MIP-1α/CCL3 was measured in pg/ml using double sandwich ELISA within the range 15 pg/ml - 2000 pg/ml. Results from egg counts were used to stratify the schistosomiasis status of the participants into subgroups (no schistosomiasis, infection with S. haematobium only and co-infection with HIV-1. HIV-1 status and schistosomiasis status as classifying variables was used to identify differences between groups with respect to egg counts, age, and MIP-1α/CCL3; and p < 0.05 was considered to be significant.

Zinyama-Gutsire et al. BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:174   doi:10.1186/1471-2334-9-174